Figure 9-1 A, Complete cryptophthalmos, both eyes. B, Incomplete cryptophthalmos of the right eye, with eyelid fused to cornea superonasally. Cryptophthalmos occurs in both an isolated and a recessive syndromic…
The corneal epithelium is a highly differentiated cell type that is entirely regenerated approximately every 7 days. In the mechanically abraded cornea (eg, total epithelial debridement during vitrectomy surgery or…
Effective immune responses to foreign antigens require cells to “traffic” through tissues. Chemokines (chemotactic cytokines) are critical mediators that provide the trafficking signals to immune cells. These are low-molecular-weight proteins,…
Figure 7-1 Surgical spaces of the orbit. A, Axial view. B, Coronal view. (Illustration by Cyndie C. H. Wooley.) the subperiosteal (subperiorbital) surgical space, which is the potential space between…
Figure 15-1 Longitudinal section of normal optic nerve. Axons of the retinal ganglion cells (R) become axonal fibers of the optic nerve. Optic nerve axons pass through the fenestrations in…
Figure 1-1 Rectilinear propagation of light through uniform medium. Here, the speed of light is constant with spherical wavefronts and straight rays. Note that in nonuniform medium, the speed of…
Figure 3-1 Observation system: light path from patient’s pupil, through mirror, to observer’s retina. (Illustration by C. H. Wooley.) Figure 3-2 Illumination system: position of source (S) with plano mirror…
Figure 7-1 A plus lens used to view an object positioned in the focal plane of the lens. O = object; f = focal length. (Redrawn from Basic and Clinical…
Figure 8-1 Sunlight passing through openings between partially overlapping leaves suggests that light moves in straight lines. However, such “rays” would be invisible without light scattering caused by mist in…
Figure 5-1 The major types of intraocular lenses (IOLs) and optics. A, Anterior chamber lens. B, Prepupillary lens (no longer used). C, Posterior chamber lens in the capsular bag. D,…
