Corneal Infections, Inflammations, and Surface Disorders
Contact lens wear, especially extended-wear soft lenses Corneal trauma, foreign bodies Ocular surface disease (e.g., exposure/neurotrophic keratopathy, chronic bullous keratopathy, dry eye syndrome, trichiasis, distichiasis, entropion) Topical immunosuppressive therapy (e.g.,…
Surgery and Complications
Visually significant lens opacity Rarely, a cataract causing intraocular inflammation and/or glaucoma Surgical Technique Anesthesia: topical or local Extracapsular method: An incision is made near the limbus, an anterior capsulotomy…
Conjunctival Infections and Inflammations
Staphylococcal infection, acne rosacea, seborrheic dermatitis Symptoms Burning, itching, discomfort, foreign-body sensation, tearing, crusting, mild discharge, fluctuation in vision Signs Associated atopic and seborrheic dermatitis, and ocular rosacea Hyperemia, telangiectasias,…
Systemic and Immunologic Conditions Affecting the Cornea
Autosomal recessive condition caused by a deficiency of the enzyme ceruloplasmin Onset under age 40 years Symptoms Usually no ocular symptoms May experience cirrhosis, renal disease, or neurologic dysfunction (typically…
Corneal Dystrophies
EBM dystrophy is due to an abnormality of production of epithelial basement membrane that extends into the epithelium, leading to multiple basement membranes in the corneal epithelium. Trapped epithelial cells…
Conjunctival Degenerations and Mass Lesions
Ultraviolet exposure Chronic dryness and hot, dusty environment These factors lead to elastotic degeneration of the substantia propria of the conjunctiva, resulting in subepithelial proliferation of fibrovascular tissue, initially on…
