Normal Tension Glaucoma
4 Normal Tension Glaucoma Thomas K. Mundorf Definition What Is Normal Tension Glaucoma? Normal tension glaucoma (NTG) is a progressive optic neuropathy that mimics primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) but lacks…
Intracranial Segment
, Iacopo Dallan1 and Manfred Tschabitscher2 (1) Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Insubria, Ospedale di Circolo e Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy (2) Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria Abstract Above the…
Cervical Segment
, Iacopo Dallan1 and Manfred Tschabitscher2 (1) Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Insubria, Ospedale di Circolo e Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy (2) Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria Abstract This chapter…
Skull Base Segment
, Iacopo Dallan1 and Manfred Tschabitscher2 (1) Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Insubria, Ospedale di Circolo e Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy (2) Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria Abstract This chapter…
Loss, Degeneration, and Preservation of the Spiral Ganglion Neurons and Their Processes
Fig. 8.1 Schematic representation of the relationships between afferent and efferent auditory nerve fibers with two types of sensory hair cells. Spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) are clustered in Rosenthal’s canal (RC)…
Neurotrophic Factor Function During Ear Development: Expression Changes Define Critical Phases for Neuronal Viability
Fig. 3.1 Overview of neurotrophin expression and effects of neurotrophin loss. Two neurotrophins, Bdnf and Ntf3, are expressed in the developing organ of Corti. Bdnf is nearly exclusively found in hair…
The Electrophysiological Signature of Spiral Ganglion Neurons
Fig. 4.1 The peripheral innervation patterns and classical morphologies of spiral ganglion neurons are illustrative of their respective functional specializations. a Image of the vestibular and auditory bony structures within the…
Central Projections of Spiral Ganglion Neurons
Fig. 6.1 Schematic drawing of spiral ganglion neurons and their central and peripheral terminations. The type I neuron (black) innervates a single IHC and projects in a topographic fashion into the…
The Ribbon Synapse Between Type I Spiral Ganglion Neurons and Inner Hair Cells
Fig. 5.1 Radial section schematic of spiral ganglion neurons in the cochlea. a The spiral ganglion is on left, showing several somas of type I spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) all connected…
Connecting the Inner Ear to the Central Auditory System: Molecular Development and Characteristics of the Primary Auditory Neurons and Their Network
Fig. 1.1 Auditory neurons connect mechanosensory hair cells in the organ of Corti to cochlear nuclei neurons in the brain stem. a Cross section through the cochlea and brain stem of…
