Surgery of the Thyroid Glands
Fig. 11.1 Anatomical relations between the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) and inferior thyroid artery (ITA) The RLN may pass posterior (a), anterior (b), or superior (c), to the ITA. The…
Cervical: Lymphadenopathy
Level Area Sublevels Areas drained I Submental LNs Submandibular LNs IA IB Floor of mouth, anterior oral tongue, anterior mandibular alveolar ridge, and lower lip Oral cavity, anterior nasal cavity,…
Surgery of the Salivary Glands
Fig. 3.1 Embryological development of the salivary glands The third stage is marked by maturation of acini and intercalated ducts and reduced prominence of interstitial connective tissue. The primordial parotid…
Surgery of the Face
6.2 Diffuse Swellings 6.2.1 Acute Diffuse Swellings The most common cause of acute diffuse facial swellings is acute infection of the upper jaw, which results from apical infection or after…
Swellings of the Neck
Fig. 9.1 Triangles of the neck: anterior triangle (submental, digastric, carotid, and muscular triangles) and posterior triangle (occipital and subclavian triangles) 9.1.1.2 Posterior Triangle The posterior triangle of the neck…
Surgery of the Scalp
I. Congenital 1. Inclusion (sequestration) dermoid cyst 2. Meningocele/encephalocele 3. Cirsoid aneurysm II. Acquired A. Traumatic 1. Caput succedaneum 2. Hematoma (subcutaneous, subgaleal[subaponeurotic], subperiosteal) B. Inflammatory 1. Infected granuloma 2….
Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors
Fig. 14.1 Distal pancreatectomy specimen showing insulinomas in a MEN1 patient 14.2.4 Pathophysiology and Clinical Features In patients with insulinoma, there is continued secretion of insulin despite low blood glucose;…
Minimally Invasive Surgery in the Head and Neck
Fig. 15.1 Infraclavicular skin incision in the technique by Shimizu (a), with 5-mm incision in the neck (b), with application of the retraction system (Shimizu [21]) Miccoli et al. [24]…
Surgery of the Suprarenal Gland
Surface Right adrenal gland Left adrenal gland Anterior surface Superior: “bare area” of the liver Inferior: peritoneum and first part of the duodenum (occasionally) Medial: inferior vena cava (IVC) Lateral:…
Deep Neck Space Infections
Fig. 7.1 Anatomy of the submandibular space. It has two subdivisions separated by the mylohyoid muscle: sublingual space inferiorly and submaxillary superiorly 7.2.2 Etiology Infection in the submandibular space may…
