Toxic Retinopathies
Toxic Retinopathies F. W. Fraunfelder Retinal toxicity is noted primarily in patients who take systemic medications rather than topical ocular medications. Exceptions, such as cystoid macular edema secondary to latanoprost,…
Retinopathy and Distant Extraocular Trauma
Retinopathy and Distant Extraocular Trauma Isaac A. Loose Robert P. Schroeder The retinal manifestations of distant trauma may be asymmetric and vary among patients depending on the type of trauma….
Ophthalmic Manifestations of Defects in Metabolism
Ophthalmic Manifestations of Defects in Metabolism J. Bronwyn Bateman This chapter describes most of the multisystem disorders that have a metabolic basis and reported ocular manifestations. Although most are autosomal…
Degenerative Diseases of the Peripheral Retina
Degenerative Diseases of the Peripheral Retina Paul Baker Chirag P. Shah William Tasman ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors and editors wish to acknowledge the contributions of Robert S. Engstrom, Jr., Ben J….
Diabetic Retinopathy
Diabetic Retinopathy Brett J. Rosenblatt William E. Benson Clinical Findings Diabetic retinopathy is usually divided into nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Early Nonproliferative Diabetic Retinopathy Although…
Acquired Macular Disease
Acquired Macular Disease Introduction The anatomic macula is defined as the area of the posterior retina containing at least two layers of nuclei within the ganglion cell layer. Clinically, this…
Acute Retinal Necrosis and Progressive Outer Retinal Necrosis Syndromes
Acute Retinal Necrosis and Progressive Outer Retinal Necrosis Syndromes Caroline R. Baumal Jay S. Duker David Fischer The herpesvirus family includes herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), cytomegalovirus (CMV),…
Sickle Cell Disease
Sickle Cell Disease Seema Garg Lee M. Jampol Maurice Rabb Donald A. Gagliano This chapter is dedicated to Maurice Rabb, M.D. (1932–2005), previous author of this chapter. Dr. Rabb devoted…
Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment
Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Brian P. Connolly Carl D. Regillo Background Rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRDs) occur when fluid from the vitreous cavity passes through a retinal break into the potential space…
Cytomegalovirus Retinitis
Cytomegalovirus Retinitis Tamara R. Vrabec MD1 Caroline R. Baumal MD2 2 Tufts University, Boston, MA, cbaumal@tufts-nemc.org 1 Geisinger Medical Center, 100 North Academy Avenue, Danville, PA 17822-2120, tvrunning@aol.com, 570 271…
