Chapter 93 Optic Disc Anomalies, Pits, and Associated Serous Macular Detachment Alfredo A. Sadun, Khizer R. Khaderi Optic disc pits are congenital excavations of the optic nerve head, usually seen…
Chapter 31 Genetic Mechanisms of Retinal Disease Stephen P. Daiger, Lori S. Sullivan, Sara J. Bowne Introduction The purpose of this chapter is to provide an overview of concepts underlying…
Chapter 127 Pharmacology at Surgery Christos Haritoglou, Anselm Kampik Introduction Within the last few years, many technical developments in the field of vitreoretinal surgery have been introduced. We experienced not…
Chapter 122 Infectious Endophthalmitis Travis A. Meredith, J. Niklas Ulrich Introduction Infectious endophthalmitis is a condition in which the internal structures of the eye are invaded by replicating microorganisms, resulting…
Chapter 118 Cystoid Macular Edema and Vitreomacular Traction Lazaros Konstantinidis, Thomas J. Wolfensberger Introduction Macular edema is defined as an abnormal thickening of the macula associated with accumulation of fluid…
Chapter 98 Pathophysiology of Ocular Trauma Sun Young Lee, Stephen J. Ryan Introduction Ocular trauma is a major cause of ocular morbidity and a leading cause of monocular visual loss….
Chapter 69 Angioid Streaks Linda A. Lam Introduction The appearance of angioid streaks was initially described by Doyne in 1889 as irregular and radiating lines extending from the optic nerve…
Chapter 77 Autoimmune Retinopathies H. Nida Sen, Robert B. Nussenblatt Introduction Autoimmune retinopathies (AIR) represent a group of inflammatory mediated retinopathies with otherwise unexplained vision loss associated with visual field…
Chapter 137 Combined Hamartoma of the Retinal Pigment Epithelium and Retina Polly A. Quiram, Antonio Capone, Jr. Combined hamartomas of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium (CHRRPE) are benign tumors…
Chapter 71 Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy Xiaoxin Li Introduction Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) is an exudative maculopathy with features similar to neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) with hemorrhage, pigment epithelial detachment…
