Smoking and Prevention of Thyroid Eye Disease
Fig. 5.1 Graves’ ophthalmopathy or thyroid eye disease (TED) (red circle) occurs in 90 % of patients in conjunction with Graves’ hyperthyroidism, but 10 % is euthyroid or hypothyroid. Patients…
OPHTHALMOLOGY
Medical Management of Mild and Moderate to Severe Thyroid Eye Disease
© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015Raymond S. Douglas, Allison N. McCoy and Shivani Gupta (eds.)Thyroid Eye Disease10.1007/978-1-4939-1746-4_8 8. Medical Management of Mild and Moderate to Severe Thyroid Eye Disease Lucy Clarke1 and Petros Perros2 (1) Newcastle Eye…
Diagnosis and Endocrine Management of Graves’ Disease
Primary hyperthyroidism • Graves’ disease • Toxic multinodular goiter • Toxic adenoma • Amiodarone, iodine excess • Ingestion of excess thyroid hormone (thyrotoxicosis factitia) or thyroid tissue • Subacute thyroiditis…
Management of Hyperthyroidism in the Setting of Thyroid Eye Disease
© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015Raymond S. Douglas, Allison N. McCoy and Shivani Gupta (eds.)Thyroid Eye Disease10.1007/978-1-4939-1746-4_4 4. Management of Hyperthyroidism in the Setting of Thyroid Eye Disease Fatemeh Rajaii1 , Shivani Gupta1 and Raymond S. Douglas1 (1) Division of…
Posterior Ciliary Artery Occlusion and Choroidal Ischemia
(1) Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA The posterior ciliary arteries (PCAs) supply the choroid and the optic nerve…
Central Retinal Vein Occlusion
(1) Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA In 1855, Liebreich [1] first described the clinical picture of retinal vein…
Arterial Hypertension and the Eye
(1) Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA Arterial hypertension is a common systemic disease. In the middle-aged and elderly…
The Central Retinal Artery
(1) Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA The central retinal artery (CRA) is the primary source of blood supply…
The Posterior Ciliary Artery
(1) Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA The ocular circulation is supplied by two sets of arteries. The central…
Anterior Segment Ischemia
(1) Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA Anterior segment ischemia is not a common disorder but it can result…
