46 Anesthesia for Infants and Children
FIGURE 46.1 Skin of the area of the target vein is held taut as the tip of the IV cannula enters the skin 1 to 2 mm away from the target…
10 Assessment of Retinal Function Using Electrophysiology in Infants and Children
FIGURE 10.1 Full-field ERG. A: ERG response to a brief (<3 ms), blue (470 nm) flash recorded from a normal dark-adapted adult subject. B: Solid lines show the first 40 ms…
53 Diagnosis and Management of Persistent Fetal Vasculature Syndrome
FIGURE 53.1 Persistent anterior TVL vessels. These vessels are persistent and not newly developed, and therefore are best referred to as rubeosis iridis. FIGURE 53.2 Vessels extending from the lens surface to…
55 Surgical Approaches to Uveitis
On the other hand, delayed surgical intervention in these children may lead to permanent structural damage to the eye, causing irreversible macular pathology and optic nerve pathology that will limit…
9 Assessment of Vision in Infants and Children with Vision Loss
FIGURE 9.1 A:Visual pathways. The retinocortical pathway transfers information through the lateral geniculate body (LGN) to the primary visual cortex and through the tectal pathway via the superior colliculus (SC) to…
26 Retinoblastoma
FIGURE 26.1 A: Hematoxylin- and eosin-stained section from an RB specimen. Region of viable tumor cells demonstrating rosette formation. A prominent Flexner-Wintersteiner rosette is indicated (arrow). A tumor vascular complex is…
17 Albinisim, Lysosomal Storage Diseases, Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinoses and other Metabolic Conditions
Adapted from King RA, Hearing VJ, Creel DJ, et al. Albinism. In: Scriver CR, Beaudet AL, Sly WS, et al., eds. Metabolic and molecular bases of inherited disease, 8th ed….
12 Ultrasonographic Imaging in Infants and Children
FIGURE 12.1 B-scan probe positions. Transverse position (top-left) with probe orientation as indicated by the white mark is parallel to the limbus, longitudinal position (top-right) with the probe perpendicular to the…
44 Evolution of Stage 4 Retinopathy of Prematurity
FIGURE 44.1 Effect of VEGF in normal vascular development. FIGURE 44.2 ROP vascular phases and effusive retinal detachment phase biochemically. In the fetus, wound healing responses and scar formation differ depending on…
57 Nonaccidental Head Injury
FIGURE 57.1 Baby girl, 1 month old. Nonaccidental head trauma. Diffuse subdural and subarachnoidal hematomas (arrows) located into the tentorium, the interhemispheric space, and over the left hemisphere (A,B). Parenchymal anoxic…
