2    Examination Technique and Normal Findings Inserting the Endoscope Blind Insertion Direct-Vision Insertion Direct-Vision Insertion: Four Phases Upper Esophageal Sphincter Cervical Esophagus Middle Esophageal Constriction Inspecting the Middle Esophageal…

3.3    Pathological Findings: Esophagus Overview of Pathological Findings in the Duodenum Duodenal Ulcer: Clinical Features Duodenum Ulcer: Diagnosis and Treatment Duodenal Ulcer: Complications Bulbitis Polypoid Lesions in the Duodenum…