Cosmetic use of Botulinum Toxin
Cosmetic use of Botulinum Toxin David EE Holck Jill A. Foster Lisa Minora Introduction Over the past 3 decades the rapid progression of botulinum exotoxin, the most toxic protein known,…
Cosmetic use of Botulinum Toxin David EE Holck Jill A. Foster Lisa Minora Introduction Over the past 3 decades the rapid progression of botulinum exotoxin, the most toxic protein known,…
Enucleation, Evisceration, and Exenteration Techniques Mark Alford* * The author has no financial interest in any of the products discussed in this manuscript. The removal of an eye or the…
Surgical Management of Thyroid-Associated Orbitopathy Nicholas J. Schmitt Randall L. Beatty John S. Kennerdell Thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO), also known variously as thyroid eye disease, Graves eye disease, or dysthyroid orbitopathy,…
Ptosis Surgery Aaron Savar Sean M. Blaydon Tanuj Nakra John W. Shore Blepharoptosis or ptosis refers to a congenital or acquired descent of the upper eyelid below physiologic levels.1 Ptosis…
The Evaluation and Management of Eyelid and Periorbital Soft-Tissue Trauma James W. Karesh Marc Hirschbein Alex On Daniel C. Garibaldi Injuries involving the eyelids, lacrimal drainage apparatus, and periorbital areas…
Blepharoplasty Robert M. Dryden Craig M. Davis Blepharoplasty is a surgical procedure performed on the upper or lower lids that may excise skin, muscle, or fat. It can be cosmetic,…
Eyelid Anatomy Malena M. Amato Blythe Monheit John W. Shore Knowledge of the relationship between structure and function in the human eyelid is essential to understand its anatomic complexity (Fig….