Organism Stains Culture media PCR target Confocal microscopy Bacteria Aerobic Gram Blood 16 s RNA No, exc. specific patterns, e.g., infectious crystalline keratopathy Giemsa Chocolate Acridine orange Broth (thioglycollate, eugonic,…

Fig. 4.1 Corneal layers as imaged with the confocal microscope. Corneal epithelium: seen with bright nuclei, (a); subbasal nerve plexus, (b); corneal stroma with keratocytes, (c); corneal endothelium with hexagonal…

Fig. 9.1 This is a slit lamp photograph of a failed graft after several repeat corneal transplants, which would be high risk for another standard penetrating keratoplasty According to the…

Anti-HIV-1, anti-HIV-2 (or combination test) Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAG) Anti-HCV The results of the following EBAA required testing be negative or nonreactive for the tissue to be acceptable Table…

Fig. 10.1 (a) The femtosecond laser is focused to the target area within the corneal stroma. Microplasma is created, vaporizing approximately 1 μm of corneal tissue. (b) A bubble of…

Disease Clinical parameters Signs/symptoms Differential diagnosis Seasonal allergic conjunctivitis (SAC) Sensitized individuals Ocular itching Infective conjunctivitis Both females and males Tearing (watery discharge) Preservative toxicity Bilateral involvement Chemosis, redness Medicamentosa…

Fig. 8.1 Various indications for endothelial keratoplasty. Upper row (L–R) – Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy; pseudophakic corneal edema (posterior chamber intraocular lens in the anterior chamber). Lower row (L–R) –…

Stromal scarring Corneal ectasia Corneal dystrophy Iatrogenic Post-infectious Keratoconus Granular Post-pterygium surgery Trauma Post-refractive surgery ectasia Lattice Post-ocular surface tumor excisions   Macular  7.3 Donor Tissue Selection For DALK and sALK…

Fig. 5.1 (a) Day 1 of PROSE treatment for persistent epithelial defect 8 months after acute Stevens-Johnson syndrome. (b) Day 1 of PROSE treatment for persistent epithelial defect 8 months…