Biologicals in Uveitis
Biologicals Mechanism of action Dosage regimen Onset of action The main adverse effects Controls and its frequency Pregnancy References TNF-alpha-blocking agents 1. Etanercept Blocking of TNF receptors 25 mg…
Corticosteroid in Uveitis
Drug Systemic equivalent (mg) Potency Cortisone 25 0.8 Hydrocortisone 20 1 Prednisone 5 4 Prednisolone 5 4 Methylprednisolone 4 5 Triamcinolone 4 5 Dexamethasone 0.75 26 Betamethasone 0.6 33 Regional:…
Glaucoma in Uveitis
and Ronnie George2 (1) Department of Uvea and Medical Retina, Sankara Nethralaya, No 18, College Road, Nungambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India (2) Senior Consultant, Smt Jadhavbai Nathmal Singhvee, Department of Glaucoma…
Ocular Lesions in AIDS
16. Martin DF, Sierra Madero J, Walmsley S, et al. Valganciclovir Study Group. A controlled trial of valganciclovir as induction therapy for cytomegalovirus retinitis. N Engl J Med. 2002;346(15):1119–926. 17….
Noninvasive, Minimally Invasive, and Surgical Pearls for Cosmetic Rejuvenation of the Thyroid Eye Disease Patient
Fig. 12.1 Globe dystopia after aggressive anterior orbital floor decompression Thus we choose to avoid opening the medial wall anterior to the anterior ethmoidal foramen and the floor anterior to…
Customized Minimally Invasive Orbital Decompression for Thyroid Eye Disease
First “wall”: Orbital fat 2–3 mm Second wall: Lateral wall 3–6 mm Third wall: Medial wall 4–7 mm Fourth wall: Orbital floor 5–9 mm Fig. 11.1 General conceptual frameworks for…
Nutrition and Supplements in Thyroid Eye Disease
Overall ophthalmic outcome 1. Improvement in one eye of at least one of the following measures, without worsening in any of these measures in either eye (a) Eyelid aperture reduction…
Strabismus in Thyroid Eye Disease
Fig. 10.1 Histologic appearance of extraocular muscle in Graves’ ophthalmopathy (hematoxylin and eosin). The focal and perivascular interstitial inflammatory mononuclear cell infiltrate is in close association with intact striated extraocular…
Psychological Disturbances in Thyroid Eye Disease
Name of instrument Number of items Subscales/categories Example(s) of use in TED patients Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) 12, 20, or 36, depending on the form that is used (e.g., Short…
Management of Severe Thyroid Eye Disease and Use of Biological Agents
Fig. 9.1 (a) A 48-year-old female with severe inflammatory TED. (b) Same patient following rehabilitative orbital decompression surgery Orbital decompression appears successful in improving visual functioning in a majority of…
