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Figure 31.1 Facial nerve anatomy showing afferent and efferent pathways with target organs.  Table 31.2 Components of the Facial Nerve Type Component Function Efferent Branchial motor To supply the stapedius, stylohyoid,…

*Increasingly, early colloid infusion (generally 5% albumin) is being used in patients with very large burns, particularly if they are young or resuscitation is not going smoothly. It is the…

Figure 25.1 Conceptual dichotomies in vascular anomalies.  Table 25.1 Comparison of Hemangiomas and Vascular Malformations Hemangiomas Malformations Absent at birth Present at birth Independent life cycle Relentless progression Rapid proliferation (+…

Figure 10.1 Anterior infective seborrheic blepharitis.  Figure 10.2 Posterior blepharitis (meibomitis).  Figure 10.3 Advanced posterior blepharitis with inflammation and loss of Meibomian gland orifices and lashes.  Signs of bacterial superinfection include the following…

Figure 7.2 Congenital microphthalmia with a cyst.  Figure 7.1 Left anophthalmia with asymmetry and phimosis of eyelids.  In some cases, microphthalmia can present with a cyst, which ultimately may require a surgical…

Figure 36.1 Extirpation method of Bartisch. (Reproduced from Bartisch G. Augendienst. 1583.) Figure 36.2 Examples of orbital implants from the past. A, This hollow plastic sphere is similar in appearance to the original…

Figure 15.1 Common lymphatic nodal and extranodal sites.  Ocular adnexal lymphoproliferative disorders (OALDs) comprise 10% of all extranodal disease and may involve any part of the orbital soft tissue, as well…

Figure 6.1 Keratoacanthoma of the eyelid. A, Low-power view shows the characteristic cup-shaped lesion with a keratin-filled crater, considered a well-differentiated variant of squamous cell carcinoma and an example of thickening…

Figure 28.1 Upper eyelid anatomy. Cross-section of upper eyelid demonstrating relationship between levator palpebrae superioris, levator aponeurosis, and Müller muscle.  The tarsus of the upper eyelid is 10 to 12 mm…

Figure 3.1 Right miotic pupil and ptosis in a 16 year old female with Horner syndrome dating from birth-related trauma. The slightly paler iris color confirms that onset was before 2…