Ento Key

Lockwood’s Ligament/Whitnall’s Ligament LOCKWOOD’S LIGAMENT 1 The lower lid tarsus is 3.5 to 4 mm. Lockwood’s ligament is about 20 mm back from the inferior tarsal border. 2 Lockwood’s ligament…

Supraorbital Nerve Nuances/Dissections from Above 1 The supraorbital foramen/notch varies from 2.3 to 2.7 cm from the midline in men and 2.2 to 2.5 cm from the midline in women….

Lower Lid Retractors 1 The lower lid retractors are fascial extensions (the capsulopalpebral fascia) off the inferior rectus muscle, which inserts into the lower tarsal plate, an analog of the…

Special Section Introduction Over the last few years, certain anatomic structures have gleaned renewed attention. They have, in my opinion, been properly discussed, and yet, the presentations of the anatomy…

ROOF and Beyond (Superolateral Zone) The “ROOF”—Retro-orbicularis oculi fat 1 Below the superolateral orbicularis oculi (preseptal and orbital part) and suborbicularis fascia, but above the orbital septum, the retro-orbicularis oculi…

The Lower Eyelid and Beyond The earlier edition treated the eyelids together, but here the dissections go beyond that to expose those structures in separate zones. This chapter exposes the…

The Facial Nerve— Cranial Nerve VII Many of the advances in surgical and frontal techniques have forced the surgeon to understand the course of the temporal and zygomatic branches exactly….

Topography, Bones, Vessels, Sensory Nerves 1 The ocular globes reside in two symmetrical bony cavities called the orbits. 2 Nerves and vessels enter the orbit, and their course and distribution…