Binocular Single Vision and Stereopsis
(1) University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia Overview: The Physiology of Binocular Vision Binocular vision is obtained from two retinal images that are fused through motor and sensory processes culminating…
Neural Control of Eye Movements
(1) University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia Overview 1. Eye movements: functional domains and control systems A diverse range of eye movements is required for the visual system to function…
Ocular Circulation
(1) University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia Vascular Anatomy of the Eye (Fig. 11.1) Fig. 11.1 Blood supply of the eye Two separate vascular systems supply the eye: (i) The…
The Optic Nerve
(1) University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia Overview (Fig. 12.1) Fig. 12.1 The optic nerve. (a) Structure. (b) Divisions The optic nerve is a central nervous system (CNS) white matter…
Color Vision
(1) University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia Overview Color is a subjective sensory phenomenon, not a physical attribute of an object. Color perception arises from stimulation of cones by light….
The Extraocular Muscles
(1) University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia Overview Four rectus (superior, inferior, medial, and lateral) and two oblique (superior and inferior) extraocular muscles (EOMs) insert onto the eye and contribute…
The Cornea and Sclera
(1) University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia The Cornea Overview The cornea is a transparent structure at the front of the eye. It is a powerful refractive surface and a…
The Extrastriate Cortex
(1) University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia Overview (Fig. 15.1) Fig. 15.1 The extrastriate cortex The extrastriate cortex is involved in the analysis of specific attributes of visual stimuli (e.g.,…
The Ocular Surface
(1) University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia The Tear Film Overview (Fig. 2.1a) Fig. 2.1 The tear film (a) distribution; (b) structure The tear film is a highly ordered fluid…
Movements of the Eye
(1) University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia Overview 1. Ocular rotations Ocular movements are mostly rotations; translational movements are minimal [1]. 2. Listing’s plane and axes of Fick (Fig….
