Acoustic Rhinometry
Fig. 26.1 Acoustic rhinometry equipment (Rhinoscan SRE 2000, Interacoustics A/S, Assens, DK) Fig. 26.2 Schematic representation of an acoustic rhinometry circuit The changes in cross-sectional area of the airway affect…
Assessment of Olfactory Function
Identification tests Thresholds tests Identification and threshold tests Identification, threshold, and discrimination tests University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) (Doty et al. 1984) T&T olfactometer (Takagi 1987) Connecticut Chemosensory…
Nasal Defensive Proteins: Distribution and a Biological Function
Substance Common sources Chemical composition Activity Lysozyme Serum, saliva, tears Protein Bacterial cell lysis Complement Serum Protein-carbohydrate lipoprotein complex Cell death or lysis of bacteria; participates in inflammation Basic proteins…
Nose and Sleep Breathing Disorders
Fig. 23.1 Anatomy of the external nose The diameter of the valve influences directly the velocity of the airflow. On gentle inspiration, the nasal valve is usually patent. During deep…
Pathophysiology of Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Obesity High body mass index. Central or visceral obesity is quite important. Predisposing factors: abdominal circumference >94 cm in men and >80 cm in women; neck circumference >40 cm Gender…
Computational Fluid Dynamics of the Nasal Cavity
Fig. 19.1 Pressure loss over mass flux; Reynolds numbers indicating turbulent conditions 19.2.3 Virtual Reality-Based Visualization of Flow Simulation Results Visualization is a fundamental ingredient for gaining insights into the…
Nanomedicine and the Nose
Fig. 39.1 Thin-film electrodes process to the sound from 128 different channels in comparison to standard 16–22 channel implants (Source: http://www.engadget.com/2006/02/09/new-type-of-cochlear-implant-to-improve-hearing/) 39.4.1.3 Design an Artificial Nose (Nanonose) One of the…
Intranasal Trigeminal Perception
, Caroline Huart1, 2, Basile Landis4, 5 and Thomas Hummel4 (1) Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Clinique Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium (2) Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (3) HNS & ENT…
Physiology of Lacrimal Drainage
Fig. 16.1 Normal anatomy of the nasolacrimal system (Courtesy of TESAV) Fig. 16.2 Schematic representation of the nasolacrimal system (Courtesy of TESAV) Fig. 16.3 The palpebral-canalicular pump mechanism in lacrimal…
