L Jay KatzAnand V. Mantravadi BASICS DESCRIPTION • Diverse mechanistic grouping of posttraumatic disorders that results in decreased aqueous outflow, elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), and subsequent optic neuropathy • Early…

BASICS DESCRIPTION • Neurofibromatosis (NF) consists of 2 neurocutaneous genetic disorders that can involve the bones, the nervous system, soft tissue, and the skin. It is the most common hereditary…

BASICS DESCRIPTION • Multifactorial disease characterized by an abnormal tear film that is inadequate to support the health of the ocular surface • Types – Aqueous tear-deficient – Evaporative –…

BASICS DESCRIPTION • Wilson’s disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive defect in cellular copper transport characterized by dramatic build-up of intracellular hepatic copper with subsequent hepatic, neurologic, and other systemic…

Katherine A. LaneChristopher B. Chambers BASICS DESCRIPTION • Infantile hemangioma (IH) preferred term • Benign, high flow, vascular hamartoma • Classified as superficial or deep • Superficial lesions present as…

Jacqueline Carrasco BASICS DESCRIPTION • Lagophthalmos = incomplete lid closure • Lid retraction = presence of scleral shown above the superior or below the inferior limbus, with eyes in primary…

Jacqueline Carrasco BASICS DESCRIPTION Thyroid eye disease (also referred to as Graves’ ophthalmopathy, thyroid-related or associated orbitopathy or ophthalmopathy; TED) is an autoimmune process affecting extraocular muscles and orbital fat…

BASICS DESCRIPTION • Multisystem autoimmune disease • Chronic course with relapses and remissions • Organ systems most frequently involved: skin, joints, kidneys, blood, and CNS • Diverse manifestations in eye:…

Kristin M. Hammersmith BASICS DESCRIPTION • Acute, painful, vesicular eruption distributed along the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve (1). • Ocular inflammation without characteristic rash: Zoster sine herpete (2)….

BASICS DESCRIPTION • Painless, bilateral vision loss including dyschromatopsia and central or centrocecal scotoma • Exception is unilateral vision loss from phosphodiesterase inhibitors, which are possibly associated with ischemic optic…