Fig. 6.1 Application of Botox (onabotulinumtoxinA) for chronic migraine according to the PREEMPT study protocol (155 IU “fixed dose, fixed site” and optional 40 IU “follow the pain”) (Illustrations by…

Fig. 34.1 Fundus phlebography: bilateral papilloedema with peripapillary haemorrhages ((a) right eye on admission, (b) right eye after treatment) The re-evaluation of clinical history neither showed evidence of recent cranial/extracranial…

Fig. 39.1 (a, b) Multiple cervical lesions noted on MRI spine consistent with multiple sclerosis Fig. 39.2 (a, b) Periventricular and juxtacortical lesions on MRI brain After the workup, the…

Fig. 21.1 Diagnostic diary for case 1, indicating a chronic, daily tension-type headache and 1 day with migraine without aura Case 2 A 32-year-old man was referred with a chronic,…

Fig. 29.1 Masses of Gram-positive extracellular diplococci (Streptococcus pneumoniae) surrounded by activated leucocytes in the CSF Latex agglutination-based rapid tests are available for major meningitis pathogens, but imperfect sensitivity and…

Fig. 32.1 CT scan done on the third day of sudden-onset severe headache which shows hemorrhage within the anterior interhemispheric fissure and bilateral sylvian cisterns more prominent on the left…

7.4. Headache attributed to intracranial neoplasia  Description:   Headache caused by intracranial neoplasia  Diagnostic criteria:   A. Any headache fulfilling criterion C   B. Intracranial neoplasia has been diagnosed   C. Evidence of causation…

Fig. 3.1 Drawings made by the patient of the images seen during the episodes. Here the drawing represents the start of the episode in the central part Fig. 3.2 The…