of the Nasal Cavity
Fig. 1 Photo of arhinia Initial management of arhinia may require tracheotomy to provide a safe airway with deferred surgical planning as a child or adolescent once the degree of…
Syndromes with Airway Anomalies: An Overview
Site of primary airway anomaly Syndrome Nasal Cavity and Midface Congenital nasal pyriform aperture stenosis CHARGE syndrome Craniosynostosis syndromes (Crouzon, Apert, Pfeiffer) Oromandibular Stickler syndrome Treacher Collins syndrome Craniofacial microsomia…
and Acquired Disorders of the Vocal Folds
Congenital Acquired Chiari malformation, intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), or other CNS pathology Iatrogenic (patent ductus arteriosus ligation, cervical or cardiothoracic surgery, traumatic delivery) Congenital myasthenic syndrome (CMS) Arytenoid dislocation Familial inheritance…
Tracheal Stenosis
Fig. 1 Endoscopic views of a child with long-segment complete tracheal rings. (a) View showing beginning of rings; (b) view showing mid-section of rings; (c) view showing distal segment of…
Deformations, and Disorders of the Neonatal Airway: A Bullet Point Review
© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015Janet Lioy and Steven E. Sobol (eds.)Disorders of the Neonatal Airway10.1007/978-1-4939-1610-8_14 Malformations, Deformations, and Disorders of the Neonatal Airway: A Bullet Point Review Pamela Mudd1, Steven Andreoli1 and Steven E. Sobol2, 3 …
and Tracheal Clefts
Fig. 1 The Benjamin and Inglis cleft classification Clinical Presentation Respiratory and feeding difficulties are the hallmark symptoms of LCs, though they are generally nonspecific. The clinical presentation and severity…
of Micro- and Retrognathia on the Neonatal Airway
Fig. 1 The “domino effect” of Pierre Robin sequence (Courtesy of David Low, MD) The triad of micrognathia, glossoptosis, and tongue-based airway obstruction (TBAO) was initially described in 1939 by…
of the Midface
Fig. 1 Midfacial Disorders: History and Physical Examination Initial assessment of an infant with respiratory distress should focus on the ability of the child to maintain ventilation and oxygenation. Signs…
Laryngomalacia: Disease Spectrum and Management
Fig. 1 Fiberoptic flexibible laryngoscopy with endoscopic evaluation of swallowing in a 2-month infant with laryngomalacia. Typical anatomic features including shortened aryepiglottic folds, bilateral supraarytenoid prolapse, posterior glottic edema, and…
Retinal Anomalies
6 Retinal Anomalies BEST’S DISEASE Barry N. Wasserman Etiology An autosomal dominant disorder also called vitelliform macular dystrophy, Best’s disease leads to retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) degeneration and secondary loss…
