Fig. 48.1 Low-coherence Michelson interferometer A low coherent light source, e.g., an SLD, emits a light beam with short coherence length towards the Michelson interferometer, where it is first split…
Fig. 12.1 The four fundamental implementations of OCT FD- and SS-OCT offer superior sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) over time-domain and linear OCT. But they also have some disadvantages. FD-OCT…
(28.1) Fig. 28.1 Schematic illustrating the principle of reflectance confocal microscopy The axial response of a confocal microscope to a perfectly reflecting plane at the focus under Gaussian beam assumptions…
Fig. 55.1 Corneal OCT images obtained with three possible scan geometries. (a) Divergent “sector” scan geometry. (b) A corneal image taken with a retinal OCT scanner using the sector scan…
Fig. 40.1 Phase contrast microscopy. Brightfield (left) and phase contrast (right) images of a diatom. These are the oldest phase contrast micrographs from Zernike and were taken in 1932 (Figure…
Fig. 21.1 External cavity laser with reflective Fabry-Perot MEMS tunable filter Many rapidly swept lasers exhibit a preference for tuning short to long wavelength [4–6]. They have higher power and…
Fig. 9.1 Resolution limits of OCT. OCT can achieve high-axial resolutions independent of numerical aperture. Using low-coherence interferometry, the axial resolution is inversely proportional to the bandwidth of the light…
Fig. 24.1 Circuit diagram of a standard tunable laser/swept laser [14, 27]. A laser resonator/oscillator is an optical feedback loop. Inserting a tunable optical bandpass filter enables wavelength tuning [14]…
Fig. 51.1 Multi-scale biomedical imaging modalities and platforms for multimodal imaging (indicated by “⇔”). PET positron-emission tomography, SPECT single-photon emission computerized tomography, MRI magnetic resonance imaging, X-ray CT X-ray computerized…
(44.1) where j is the pixel number index of the CCD camera in the spectrometer, t is the timing when an A-line is captured, E R is the light reflected…
