Site of primary airway anomaly Syndrome Nasal Cavity and Midface Congenital nasal pyriform aperture stenosis CHARGE syndrome Craniosynostosis syndromes (Crouzon, Apert, Pfeiffer) Oromandibular Stickler syndrome Treacher Collins syndrome Craniofacial microsomia…
Congenital Acquired Chiari malformation, intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), or other CNS pathology Iatrogenic (patent ductus arteriosus ligation, cervical or cardiothoracic surgery, traumatic delivery) Congenital myasthenic syndrome (CMS) Arytenoid dislocation Familial inheritance…
Fig. 1 Endoscopic views of a child with long-segment complete tracheal rings. (a) View showing beginning of rings; (b) view showing mid-section of rings; (c) view showing distal segment of…
© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015Janet Lioy and Steven E. Sobol (eds.)Disorders of the Neonatal Airway10.1007/978-1-4939-1610-8_14 Malformations, Deformations, and Disorders of the Neonatal Airway: A Bullet Point Review Pamela Mudd1, Steven Andreoli1 and Steven E. Sobol2, 3 …
Fig. 1 The Benjamin and Inglis cleft classification Clinical Presentation Respiratory and feeding difficulties are the hallmark symptoms of LCs, though they are generally nonspecific. The clinical presentation and severity…
Fig. 1 The “domino effect” of Pierre Robin sequence (Courtesy of David Low, MD) The triad of micrognathia, glossoptosis, and tongue-based airway obstruction (TBAO) was initially described in 1939 by…
Fig. 1 Midfacial Disorders: History and Physical Examination Initial assessment of an infant with respiratory distress should focus on the ability of the child to maintain ventilation and oxygenation. Signs…
Fig. 1 Fiberoptic flexibible laryngoscopy with endoscopic evaluation of swallowing in a 2-month infant with laryngomalacia. Typical anatomic features including shortened aryepiglottic folds, bilateral supraarytenoid prolapse, posterior glottic edema, and…
6 Retinal Anomalies BEST’S DISEASE Barry N. Wasserman Etiology An autosomal dominant disorder also called vitelliform macular dystrophy, Best’s disease leads to retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) degeneration and secondary loss…
2 Congenital Corneal Opacity Bruce Schnall and Michael J. Bartiss The differential diagnosis for congenital corneal opacity can be remembered using the pneumonic STUMPED: Sclerocornea Tears in Descemet’s membrane or…
