Normal Laryngeal Variability
6 Normal Laryngeal Variability Rebecca J. Leonard There is ample evidence of variability in the “normal” larynx. Investigators using a broad array of investigative techniques directed toward either structure or…
Indirect Laryngoscopy
4 Indirect Laryngoscopy Katherine A. Kendall Prior to the introduction of flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopes in the mid-1980s, indirect laryngoscopy was the most important clinical tool for viewing the larynx and…
Flexible Laryngoscopy
7 Flexible Laryngoscopy Yolanda D. Heman-Ackah Flexible laryngoscopy is performed to gain a dynamic assessment of the larynx during phonation. It can serve as a useful adjunct to rigid and…
