Conjunctival and Corneal Tumors: Melanoma
Fig. 18.1 Melanoma of the peri-limbal bulbar conjunctiva with “feeder vessels” entering the tumor Fig. 18.2 Conjunctival PAM with atypia, which has progressed to corneo-limbal melanoma Fig. 18.3 Melanoma of…
Conjunctival and Corneal Tumors: Benign Epidermal and Melanocytic Tumors
Fig. 15.1 Solitary sessile squamous papilloma of the bulbar conjunctiva. Clinical appearance (a). Histopathology shows papillomatous fronds of acanthotic nonkeratinized squamous epithelium with central fibrovascular cores (b; hematoxylin and eosin,…
Systemic Associations
Pattern Entity Conjunctival features Associated features Locus/gene Pigmentation Carney complex Conjunctival pigmentation Spotty mucocutaneous pigmentation 17q Schwannoma Endocrine over-activity PRKAR1A gene chromosome 2 Testicular tumor Peutz–Jeghers syndrome Conjunctival pigmentation Mucocutaneous…
Conjunctival and Corneal Tumors: Primary Acquired Melanosis
Category Subtype Etiology Congenital Ocular melanosis Developmental episcleral hyperpigmentation Oculodermal melanosis Acquired Racial Normal pigmentation in darker races Primary Idiopathic Secondary Localized Post-inflammatory Posttraumatic Foreign body Drug deposition Systemic Addison’s…
Adnexal Tumors
Types Subtypes Cystic lesions Benign Epidermal inclusion cyst Sebaceous cyst Retention cyst Trichilemmal cyst Sweat gland tumors Benign Apocrine hidrocystoma Eccrine hidrocystoma Syringoma Eccrine spiradenoma Pleomorphic adenoma Syringocystadenoma papilliferum Eccrine…
Stromal Tumors
Fig. 9.1 Eyelid fibromatosis. A 6-month-old child with a tethering of the eyelid to a deeper firm mass in the superonasal aspect with consequent lagophthalmos (a). Histopathology examination shows infiltrating…
Systemic Associations
Entity Eyelid tumor Associated features Locus/gene Neurofibromatosis type 1 Neurofibroma Lisch nodules 17q Café au lait spots NF 1 gene Pheochromocytoma Sturge-Weber Syndrome Diffuse hemangioma Leptomeningeal hemangioma Sporadic Gardner syndrome…
Basal Cell Carcinoma
Fig. 4.1 Nodular BCC of the lower lid margin, presenting as an irregular, pearly dome-shaped tumor 4.6.2 Pigmented The pigmented BCC is usually nodular or nodulo-ulcerative, ranging in color from…
Surgical Techniques
Fig. 21.1 Complex conjunctival excision. Large conjunctival lesion being excised with a 4-mm margin of unaffected conjunctiva. (a) Conjunctival flap being fashioned. (b) Partial-thickness scleral incision with a no. 57…
Conjunctival and Corneal Tumors: Examination Techniques
Fig. 13.1 Conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia. Clinical photograph (a) and optical coherence tomography (b). Note a hyper-reflective and thickened epithelium with an abrupt transition zone from abnormal to normal epithelium, consistent…
