Reoperative surgery for hyperparathyroidism is associated with increased incidence of complications including vocal cord paralysis, permanent hypoparathyroidism, and persistent hypercalcemia. Surgical re-exploration should consist of symptomatic or low-risk patients. The…
High-output chylous leak beyond 5 to 7 days of conservative medical treatment should be treated promptly to avoid the risk for nutritional and imunologic depletion. Given the effectiveness and low…
This article presents an overview of medical management of persistent or recurrent differentiated thyroid cancer, in particular focusing on monitoring strategy and treatment plans. Most patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma…
The recommended initial treatment for locoregional recurrence of thyroid cancer is surgery. Of most value to the surgeon considering reoperation for thyroid cancer is the impact that such procedures have…
Reoperation for recurrent or persistent thyroid cancer presents a challenge for the head and neck surgeon. Scarring, edema, and friability of the tissues together with distortion of the landmarks make…
Thyroid cancer represents the most common endocrine cancer, and rates have been increasing over the last 3 decades. The treatment of cervical metastases in well differentiated thyroid cancer remains in…
Revision cervical endocrine surgery increases risks for injury to important adjacent structures, possibly resulting in hoarseness and postoperative hypocalcemia. With anatomic knowledge and appropriate use of meticulous dissection techniques, the…
Conventional thyroid surgical techniques, introduced 100 years ago, continue to be applied in modern endocrine surgery practices. Minimally invasive approaches, however, have been proposed by Miccoli and others, and have…
This article highlights the major milestones in the development of radioguided reoperative techniques and reviews the recent literature concerning reoperative thyroid and parathyroid surgery. Radioguided surgery is becoming an increasingly…
Reoperative thyroid surgery is a technical challenge with a high incidence of complications and recurrent disease. It requires a thorough understanding of the anatomy and biology of the disease process,…
