Benign Neck Disease
56 Benign Neck Disease 56.1 Congenital Neck Masses 56.1.1 Lymphangiomas • Pathophysiology Normally 2 jugular sacs, 2 posterior sciatic sacs, and 1 retroperitoneal sac develop endothelial outbuddings and extend centrifugally…
Classifications
77 Classifications 77.1 Otology 77.1.1 Chronic Otitis Media • Healed COM: healed perforation, tympanosclerosis • Inactive mucosal COM: dry TM perforation, uninflamed ME mucosa • Inactive squamous COM: TM retraction,…
Metastatic Neck Disease
59 Metastatic Neck Disease 59.1 Triangles of the Neck • Anterior Submental Submandibular Carotid Muscular • Posterior Occipital Subclavian 59.2 Head and Neck Lymphatics 59.2.1 Waldeyer Internal Ring • Circular…
Tumours of the Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands
51 Tumours of the Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands 51.1 Benign Tumours • Usually present as solitary nodule or dominant nodule in MNG • Middle-aged women • Not premalignant • Rarely…
Tumours of the Lip and Oral Cavity
48 Tumours of the Lip and Oral Cavity 48.1 The Lip 48.1.1 Surgical Pathology • 6/1,000,000 • 93% lower lip, 5% upper, 2% angle • 2:1 male to female •…
Diseases of the Oral Cavity and Oropharynx
47 Diseases of the Oral Cavity and Oropharynx 47.1 Oral Manifestations of Systemic Diseases 47.1.1 Infections • Measles—Koplik spots • Varicella zoster virus (VZV) (chickenpox)—vesicles 47.1.2 Inflammatory Disorders • Behçet…
Tumours of the Pharynx
57 Tumours of the Pharynx 57.1 Oropharynx • Subsites Soft palate—anterior pillar lateral, posterior hard palate, free margin inferior including uvular Base of tongue—anterior margin is circumvallate papilla, posterior is…
Vestibular Disorders
17 Vestibular Disorders 17.1 Principles and Definitions • Postural control required to maintain stable image on the retina despite head movements and to prevent falling and possible injury • Balance…
