18 AdenoidsSally R. Shott Adenoid tissue may enlarge (hyperplasia) and/or become infected during bouts of pharyngitis. Adenoids can be removed with curettes, suction cautery, coblation, or a microdebrider. 18-1 Adenoidectomy…

42 Mandibular FracturesLuv R. Javia Mandibular fractures are uncommon in children, and the incidence increases with age. They usually occur as a result of severe trauma and are often associated…

39 Malar FracturesLuv R. Javia Malar fractures usually occur as a result of direct trauma to the malar eminence (cheekbone). The malar bone fractures at its frontal, temporal, and maxillary…

40 Orbital FractureLuv R. Javia Direct trauma to the eye may transmit force to the floor of the orbit causing multiple fractures in the floor while the orbital rim remains…

13 Nasal TumorsKen Kazahaya Nasal tumors span the full range of intranasal pathology, but the vast majority of intranasal tumors in children are benign. 13-1 Lateral Rhinotomy Introduction This is…

16 Nasopharyngeal StenosisJ. Paul Willging Nasopharyngeal stenosis usually occurs when there is extensive scarring following an adenoidectomy or adenotonsillectomy. 16-1 Repair of Nasopharyngeal Stenosis Indications Repair of nasopharyngeal stenosis is…

23 Periorbital AbscessLawrence W.C. Tom The most common complication of sinus infections in children is a periorbital subperiosteal abscess: a collection of pus between the bony orbital wall and periorbita….

19 TonsilsSally R. Shott Tonsillar hyperplasia and recurrent pharyngotonsillitis are common disorders in children. Tonsillar hyperplasia may cause sleep disorders, disordered breathing, or apnea. Recurrent infections, which are often debilitating…

36 Facial LacerationsLuv R. Javia Facial lacerations are common in children as a result of their frequent falls and accidents. The majority of these injuries are superficial and require minimal…

35 EsophagoscopyLisa M. Elden Introduction Esophagoscopy is the visual examination of the esophagus. Both flexible and rigid instruments are available for this procedure. Indications The presence or suspected presence of…