Color Vision Anthony J. Adams Wayne A. Verdon Bruce E. Spivey INTRODUCTION We live in a world of objects made up of an almost infinite array of colors. Or do…

Vitreous Humor George A. Williams Alan J. Ruby Mark S. Blumenkranz VITREOUS STRUCTURE General Features The vitreous of the normal human eye weighs approximately 4 g and occupies a volume…

Antimicrobial Resistance in Ophthalmology David G. Hwang Antimicrobial resistance is an advancing problem in ophthalmology. Resistant microorganisms increase the risk of complications and raise the cost of eye care. Understanding…

Binocular Vision Christopher W. Tyler Eyes come in pairs, providing special capabilities that are not available to a single imaging system. This chapter provides an overview of the ways that…

Ocular Pharmacology of Antibacterial Agents John E. Sutphin Jeffrey M. Wells The empiric selection of an antibiotic to treat an ocular infection is based on several factors including the likely…

Gram-Positive Aerobic Rods Regina Sun Vicente Vitiello Andrew J.W. Huang Aerobic gram-positive rods are infrequent ocular isolates. Bacillus, Corynebacterium, and Nocardia are the most common genera associated with ocular infections…

Prevention of Ocular Infections Kirk R. Wilhelmus Infections and postinfectious complications account for part of the world’s avoidable blindness.1,2 The prevention of ocular infection emerged during the nineteenth century, beginning…

Actinomyces Organisms in Ocular Disease Carolyn Y. Shih Michael P. Vrabec George J. Florakis Taxonomy Actinomycetes are facultatively anaerobic or strictly anaerobic gram-positive rods that tend to grow slowly as…

Epidemiology of Ocular Infections Kirk R. Wilhelmu Epidemiology applies common sense to public health and clinical research. Ophthalmic epidemiologists evaluate the distribution, determinants, and outcomes of eye diseases among different…