Category Subtype Etiology Congenital Ocular melanosis Developmental episcleral hyperpigmentation Oculodermal melanosis Acquired Racial Normal pigmentation in darker races Primary Idiopathic Secondary Localized Post-inflammatory Posttraumatic Foreign body Drug deposition Systemic Addison’s…
Fig. 9.1 Eyelid fibromatosis. A 6-month-old child with a tethering of the eyelid to a deeper firm mass in the superonasal aspect with consequent lagophthalmos (a). Histopathology examination shows infiltrating…
Fig. 4.1 Nodular BCC of the lower lid margin, presenting as an irregular, pearly dome-shaped tumor 4.6.2 Pigmented The pigmented BCC is usually nodular or nodulo-ulcerative, ranging in color from…
Entity Eyelid tumor Associated features Locus/gene Neurofibromatosis type 1 Neurofibroma Lisch nodules 17q Café au lait spots NF 1 gene Pheochromocytoma Sturge-Weber Syndrome Diffuse hemangioma Leptomeningeal hemangioma Sporadic Gardner syndrome…
Fig. 21.1 Complex conjunctival excision. Large conjunctival lesion being excised with a 4-mm margin of unaffected conjunctiva. (a) Conjunctival flap being fashioned. (b) Partial-thickness scleral incision with a no. 57…
Fig. 13.1 Conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia. Clinical photograph (a) and optical coherence tomography (b). Note a hyper-reflective and thickened epithelium with an abrupt transition zone from abnormal to normal epithelium, consistent…
Fig. 11.1 Preoperative lymphoscintigraphy in a patient with a lower eyelid melanoma (a). The area of injection and the draining nodes are seen. SPECT/CT scan in the same patient (b)….
Fig. 5.1 Squamous cell carcinoma of the upper lid (a) and lower eyelid (b) presenting as an irregular, elevated lesion with masses of keratin Patients with SCC tend to have…
Fig. 6.1 Sebaceous gland carcinoma arising in left upper eyelid – a firm, sessile subcutaneous round nodule fixed to the tarsus (Courtesy of Dr. Santosh Honavar) 6.5.2 Diffuse Thickening of…
Fig. 7.1 A partially pigmented cutaneous melanoma in the lateral aspect of the lower eyelid of the right eye, near the lateral canthus; the lesion changed in shape before the…
