Surgical Management of Thyroid-Associated Orbitopathy Nicholas J. Schmitt Randall L. Beatty John S. Kennerdell Thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO), also known variously as thyroid eye disease, Graves eye disease, or dysthyroid orbitopathy,…
Ptosis Surgery Aaron Savar Sean M. Blaydon Tanuj Nakra John W. Shore Blepharoptosis or ptosis refers to a congenital or acquired descent of the upper eyelid below physiologic levels.1 Ptosis…
The Evaluation and Management of Eyelid and Periorbital Soft-Tissue Trauma James W. Karesh Marc Hirschbein Alex On Daniel C. Garibaldi Injuries involving the eyelids, lacrimal drainage apparatus, and periorbital areas…
Blepharoplasty Robert M. Dryden Craig M. Davis Blepharoplasty is a surgical procedure performed on the upper or lower lids that may excise skin, muscle, or fat. It can be cosmetic,…
Eyelid Anatomy Malena M. Amato Blythe Monheit John W. Shore Knowledge of the relationship between structure and function in the human eyelid is essential to understand its anatomic complexity (Fig….
Eyelid Abnormalities: Ectropion, Entropion, Trichiasis Kenneth V. Cahill Marcos T. Doxanas Numerous procedures have been described for the correction of lower eyelid abnormalities. These procedures are a reflection of the…
