Pharmacology of Antiangiogenic Agents
Pharmacology of Antiangiogenic Agents Peter A. Campochiaro The eye has several avascular tissues including the cornea, lens, vitreous, and outer retina. Growth of blood vessels in these tissues compromises the…
Adverse Effects of Topical Eye Medication in Infants and Children
Adverse Effects of Topical Eye Medication in Infants and Children Leonard Apt William L. Gaffney The ocular and systemic toxicity of topically applied ophthalmic medication has been a major subject…
Cholinergic Pharmacology
Cholinergic Pharmacology Joel S. Mindel BASIC PHARMACOLOGY The classic cholinergic systems are located at neuron-neuron synapses, at neuron-striated muscle fiber junctions, and at neuron-smooth muscle fiber junctions. Impulses are transmitted…
Ocular Side Effects and Toxicities From Systemic Therapy
Ocular Side Effects and Toxicities From Systemic Therapy Joel S. Mindel Table 1 presents a list of common drugs and drug classes with ocular side effects. The list of ocular…
Systemic Side Effects from Topical Application of β-Blockers
Systemic Side Effects from Topical Application of β-Blockers Joel S. Mindel Systemic administration of β-adrenergic receptor blocking agents is associated with multiple effects, some of them desirable and some not….
Drugs Affecting Hemostasis
Drugs Affecting Hemostasis Joel S. Mindel Anticoagulants Inhibitors of Clotting Factors and Antithrombin III Activators The use of inhibitors of the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors (II, VII, IX,…
Topical and Systemic Antiviral Agents
Topical and Systemic Antiviral Agents Steven A. Teich Tony W. Cheung Antiviral chemotherapy has lagged behind the development of antibiotics for bacterial infections. Because bacteria are relatively complex self-replicating organisms,…
Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Allan J. Flach The term nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has been applied to clycooxygenase inhibitors (COIs) that are useful for the prevention and treatment of several commonly…
Pharmacology of Local Anesthetics
Pharmacology of Local Anesthetics Joel S. Mindel HISTORY Local anesthesia became a reality with the introduction of cocaine. Cocaine is an alkaloid found in coca bush leaves and first isolated…
