Focal and Grid Macular Laser
Focal and Grid Macular Laser James R. Singer Focal and grid macular laser have been a cornerstone treatment of various retinal diseases for decades. The most common applications over the…
Panretinal Photocoagulation
Panretinal Photocoagulation Alan R. Hromas Retinal ischemia is a common manifestation of a number of vascular diseases causing impairment of retinal circulation, including diabetic retinopathy, retinal arterial and venous occlusion,…
Nd:YAG Capsulotomy
Nd:YAG Capsulotomy Jason Ellen Sophia Leung The use of a quick-pulsed neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser (1064 nm) for capsulotomy dates back to the early 1980s. A plasma microexplosion…
Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Cataract Surgery
Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Cataract Surgery John P. Berdahl Justin A. Schweitzer Adam R. Bleeker Since its inception in the early 1980s, the neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser has played a…
Peripheral Iridotomy and Iridoplasty
Peripheral Iridotomy and Iridoplasty Jeff M. Miller The concept of pupillary block is central to understanding the mechanism of a peripheral iridotomy (PI). As forward aqueous flow between the lens…
Endoscopic Cyclophotocoagulation
Endoscopic Cyclophotocoagulation Leonid Skorin Jr. In 1992, Martin Uram, MD, first published the effectiveness of the endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation (ECP) surgical laser in a group of 10 patients with intractable neovascular…
Small-Incision Lenticule Extraction
Small-Incision Lenticule Extraction D. Rex Hamilton Cornea refractive surgery began in the late 1970s and early 1980s with radial keratotomy (RK) and moved into the laser arena with the introduction…
Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty
Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty Nate Lighthizer Selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT), introduced by Latina and Park in the mid-1990s and FDA approved in 2001, has been a mainstay of glaucoma therapy for…
MicroPulse Laser Trabeculoplasty
MicroPulse Laser Trabeculoplasty Myranda R. Partin Steven R. Sarkisian Jr. The clinical management of glaucoma continuously evolves with more efficacious topical medications, less invasive surgeries, and safer laser procedures. Topical…
Corneal Cross-Linking
Corneal Cross-Linking Y. Ralph Chu Jessica Heckman Corneal ectasia is the progressive steepening and thinning of the cornea that can occur naturally or be induced surgically. A patient with corneal…
