Voice therapy (a motor learning approach) 8.3.2 Indirect methods 8.3.3 Direct techniques 8.3.2.1 Counselling 8.3.2.2 Voice rest • Absolute voice rest • Modified voice rest 8.3.2.3 Vocal hygiene • Elimination of mechanical trauma • Laryngopharyngeal reflux management • Avoidance of…
Level of language development Ability Percentile 50 (milestones) (references) Percentile 90 (cornerstones) (references) Suggested question for parents and caregivers Vocalization Reduplicating babbling 6 months (Gerken 1994; Largo et al. 1986;…
Structural dysphonia Regulatory dysphonia Hormonal dysphonia Neurogenic (central, peripheral) dysphonia Malregulative dysphonia Structural-regulatory dysphonia The terms ‘structural’ and ‘regulatory’ allude only to aetiology, and all symptomatic connotations such as ‘hyper-’,…
(Automated) transitory-evoked otoacoustic emissions testing Automated auditory brainstem response testing Advantages Simple testing technique (relatively minimal training needed to perform OAE testing) Superior evaluation of the auditory system (vs…
Fig. 13.1 Algorithm for phoniatric management of identification, diagnostics, treatment/rehabilitation, therapy supervision and outcome control of DDSL (modified from Neumann et al. 2016) 13.2.2.1 First Identification Parents usually consult a…
Fig. 15.1 Microtia and aural atresia Clefts and Craniofacial Malformations Children with cleft lip and palate or cleft palate only or other craniofacial malformations have a high incidence of conductive…
Fig. 3.1 Mendelian modes of inheritance observed in hearing loss. (a) Autosomal recessive; (b) autosomal dominant; (c) X-linked inheritance. Circles, female individuals; squares, male individuals. Horizontal connections indicate partnerships. Symbols…
Stage Age range Acquired competence Sensorimotor From birth to approximately 2 years of age Reacting to the world by reflexes and sensorimotor activities; acquisition of ‘object permanence’ (objects continue to exist…
Fig. 10.1 Subtypes of primary and secondary speech-language disorders at different developmental ages 10.1.3 Types of Comorbid Conditions ‘Comorbid conditions’ refer to diseases that with a high probability occur along…
Grade ASHA Guidelines (1994) BIAP (1996)a WHO Global Burden of Disease 2000 (Mathers et al. 2003)a Münster classification (Schmidt et al. 2007) CTCAE v.4.0 NIH NCI (2010) Chang Practical Grading…
