Thyroid Eye Disease
Figure 12.1 Mild case of thyroid eye disease with primarily fat expansion on CT scan (A) manifesting clinically with upper lid retraction and proptosis (B). (Courtesy of Peter Dolman, Vancouver, Canada.) Figure…
Eyelid Developmental Disorders
Figure 8.1 Eyelid formation. Diagrammatic representation of eyelid formation in the seventh week of gestation. (From Katowitz JA, ed. Pediatric oculoplastic surgery. New York, NY: Springer; 2002.) Table 8.1 Stages of Eyelid…
Basic Concepts in Neoplasia
Figure 14.1 A, Undifferentiated sarcoma displaying marked nuclear pleomorphism with multinucleate tumor cells and cells with bizarre nuclei (H&E, ×400). B, True capsule (asterisk) in a schwannoma (H&E, ×40). C, Pleomorphic…
Neurotoxins and Their Applications
Figure 33.1 Patient from the first published report of the efficacy of botulinum neurotoxin for the treatment of glabellar rhytides before and after injection. A, Resting appearance before onabotulinum treatment. B,…
Lacrimal Outflow Tract Tumors
Figure 20.1 Patient with a left-sided malignant lacrimal sac mass located below the medial canthal tendon. A triad of clinical findings described for LOS malignancies includes a palpable mass above the…
Laboratory Serologic Investigations
Normal CrC is dependent on patient age and, to a lesser degree, on gender (women have a lower CrC compared with men because of a lower overall body muscle mass)….
Basic Genetics and Hereditary Syndromes
Figure 2.1 The processes of transcription and translation. DNA is made up of four nucleotides each containing one of four bases: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G). DNA…
Inner Ear Malformations and Implantation
15 Inner Ear Malformations and Implantation 15.1 Introduction Implantation in patients with a malformation of the inner ear or cochlear nerve abnormality is challenging. Generally speaking, the more severe and less…
Instruments and Implants
4 Instruments and Implants 4.1 Cochlear Implantation: Instruments, Monitoring, and Implants 4.1.1 Instruments for Cochlear Implant (CI) Surgery The number of instruments should be limited but has to be sufficient for…
Complications and Revision Surgery in Cochlear Implantation
7 Complications and Revision Surgery in Cochlear Implantation The complication rate in cochlear implant surgery as reported in the literature is 4 to 15%.1–6 Most of these studies distinguish between major…
