Genetics of Hearing Loss
Key points • Syndromic hearing loss (SHL) is a form of hearing loss (HL) accompanied by additional clinical features in the visual, nervous system, endocrine, and other systems. The most…
Auditory Neuropathy/Dys-Synchrony Disorder
Key points • Effect, directly or indirectly, is on neural processing of auditory stimuli. ○ Physiologic measures are needed to accurately characterize patients with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD). ○…
Management of Children with Unilateral Hearing Loss
Key points • Lack of binaural input results in difficulties with sound localization and understanding speech in noisy backgrounds. • Children with unilateral hearing loss (UHL) are at risk for…
Management of Children with Severe, Severe-profound, and Profound Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Key points • Early diagnosis of hearing loss with a combination of electrophysiological and behavioral test measures is critical in initiating treatment during a period of maximal neural plasticity. •…
Management of Conductive Hearing Loss in Children
Key points • Children with conductive hearing loss (CHL) are identified at several possible diagnostic points of care: newborn hearing screening, parental concern for hearing loss, hearing screening in the…
Management of Children with Mild, Moderate, and Moderately Severe Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Key points • Management of children with hearing loss requires collaborative, interprofessional teams focused on patient-centered goals and shared problem solving. • Referrals to otolaryngologists, audiologists, and speech-language pathologists with…
Diagnostic Evaluation of Children with Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Key points • Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) occurs in approximately 2 to 4 per 1000 live births. • The cause of pediatric SNHL may be genetic, acquired, or idiopathic. •…
Radiographic Evaluation of Children with Hearing Loss
Key points • High-resolution CT of the temporal bone offers excellent visualization of the osseous anatomy of the temporal bone, but has some limitations in the evaluation of soft tissue….
Acquired Hearing Loss in Children
Key points • Hearing loss is the most common congenital sensory impairment, with an incidence of 4/1000 live births. This number rises to approximately 20% after the age of 12 years…
Audiometric Evaluation of Children with Hearing Loss
Key points • Early diagnosis of pediatric hearing loss is possible and desirable. • Measurement tools are available to diagnosis all types of hearing loss in children of all ages….
