BASICS DESCRIPTION • Central serous chorioretinopathy, also called central serous retinopathy or idiopathic central serous retinopathy, is an ocular condition characterized by: – Serous retinal detachment, typically seen in the…
BASICS DESCRIPTION • Orbital apex syndrome: A constellation of findings including combined motor and sensory deficit of the eye and orbit secondary to multiple etiologies: Pathology involving the oculomotor nerve…
Robert J. Goulet IIIKathryn B. FreidlL. Jay Katz BASICS DESCRIPTION • Angle closure is defined by apposition of the iris against the trabecular meshwork. In acute primary angle closure, the…
Gaurav K. Shah BASICS DESCRIPTION • An obstruction of blood flow through a branch retinal vein at an arterio-venous crossing site (1)[C]. It commonly presents with a variable level of…
BASICS DESCRIPTION • The central retinal artery exits the optic nerve to provide blood supply to the inner retinal layers. • Occlusion of either the central retinal artery or one…
BASICS DESCRIPTION Rare, congenital retinal vascular hamartoma EPIDEMIOLOGY Incidence Very rare, and cannot be accurately specified as many patients are asymptomatic and do not seek ophthalmic care. Prevalence Very rare…
BASICS DESCRIPTION • Cavernous hemangioma of the orbit is a benign proliferation of vascular channels which induces progressive ectasia. – This may also occur in the central nervous system, liver,…
BASICS DESCRIPTION Round pupils that differ in size by 0.5 mm or more EPIDEMIOLOGY Prevalence • 15–30% (physiologic) • Other causes rare RISK FACTORS • Physiologic: None • Trauma (including…
BASICS DESCRIPTION Acute or chronic isolated inflammation of the canalicular system EPIDEMIOLOGY Incidence • 6:1 female:male • 93% lower canaliculus Prevalence • Rare, varies with populations • More common in…
BASICS DESCRIPTION A condition in which corneal endothelial failure leads to chronic edema resulting in the formation of epithelial bullae or vesicles. These bullae often rupture causing episodes of severe…
