Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy SALIENT FEATURES Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV), described by Yannuzzi in 1982, manifests clinically as dilated and branching inner choroidal vessels terminating in reddish-orange aneurysm-like lesions called “polyps”…
Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration SALIENT FEATURES Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common cause of visual impairment in patients older than of 55 years in industrialized countries.1 Neovascular AMD…
Subretinal Drusenoid Deposits SALIENT FEATURES Subretinal drusenoid deposits (SDDs), also known as reticular pseudodrusen, are aggregations of material that exist inside the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). These deposits may penetrate…
Nonexudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration SALIENT FEATURES Nonexudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD), otherwise known as “dry AMD,” is associated with the presence of small deposits (ie, drusen), under the macula, and…
Preeclampsia SALIENT FEATURES Preeclampsia is a multisystemic syndrome specific to pregnancy, a leading cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality with complex relations to various organs and systems of…
Hypertensive Retinopathy SALIENT FEATURES Hypertensive retinopathy develops when retinal vascular damage occurs secondary to either hypertensive emergency acutely or chronically elevated blood pressure. Hypertensive retinopathy may be asymptomatic or, in…
Radiation Retinopathy SALIENT FEATURES Radiation retinopathy (RR), characterized as nonproliferative or proliferative, is a slowly progressive retinal vasculopathy that develops following exposure to ocular irradiation from plaque brachytherapy, external beam…
Sickle Cell Retinopathy and Carrier States SALIENT FEATURES Sickle cell retinopathy is an ocular complication of sickle cell carrier states or sickle cell disease, a common and life-threatening hemoglobinopathy affecting…
Coats Disease SALIENT FEATURES Coats disease is a predominantly unilateral, idiopathic, nonhereditary, congenital retinal vascular abnormality. A variant of type 1 macular telangiectasia; it involves telangiectasias of small- and medium-sized…
Macular Telangiectasia Type II SALIENT FEATURES Bilateral, slowly progressive condition usually affecting patients between the ages of 40 and 60 years characterized by macular capillary changes, variable foveal cavitations, and…
