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© Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2017Kimitaka Kaga (ed.)Cochlear Implantation in Children with Inner Ear Malformation and Cochlear Nerve DeficiencyModern Otology and Neurotology10.1007/978-981-10-1400-0_3 3. Embryology of Cochlear Nerve and Its Deficiency Irumee Pai1   (1) St. Thomas’…

Fig. 5.1 Classification system of inner ear malformation which was relevant to the varying stages of inner ear organogenesis 5.2 Nonsyndromic Hearing Loss 5.2.1 DFNB4/Pendred Syndrome DFNB4 is characterized by…