Adrenergic Agents: Blockers and Agonists

Mar 7, 2021 by in OPHTHALMOLOGY Comments Off on Adrenergic Agents: Blockers and Agonists

12 Adrenergic Agents Blockers and Agonists Pratap Challa, MD, MS and David L. Epstein, MD, MMM Topical beta-blockers decrease aqueous humor formation (AHF)1,2 and are used long term in the…

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Topical Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors

Mar 7, 2021 by in OPHTHALMOLOGY Comments Off on Topical Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors

15 Topical Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors Pratap Challa, MD, MS and Joel S. Schuman, MD, FACS Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) have been used for glaucoma therapy since 1954, following the description…

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Prostaglandin Analogs

Mar 7, 2021 by in OPHTHALMOLOGY Comments Off on Prostaglandin Analogs

16 Prostaglandin Analogs Angela Turalba, MD, MMS and Douglas J. Rhee, MD Unoprostone was the first commercially available prostaglandin analog (PGA) and was introduced in the mid-1990s. Latanoprost, bimatoprost, and…

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The Miotics

Mar 7, 2021 by in OPHTHALMOLOGY Comments Off on The Miotics

13 The Miotics Pratap Challa, MD, MS and David L. Epstein, MD, MMM Miotics, or more appropriately termed muscarinic (cholinergic-acting) agonists, have been used in the treatment of the glaucomas…

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Practical Aqueous Humor Dynamics

Mar 7, 2021 by in OPHTHALMOLOGY Comments Off on Practical Aqueous Humor Dynamics

3 Practical Aqueous Humor Dynamics Joel S. Schuman, MD, FACS; Rachel L. Anderson, MD; Malik Y. Kahook, MD; and David L. Epstein, MD, MMM CLINICAL RELEVANCE Aqueous Humor Formation Aqueous…

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Introduction

Mar 7, 2021 by in OPHTHALMOLOGY Comments Off on Introduction

1 Introduction Joel S. Schuman, MD, FACS; Rachel L. Anderson, MD; and David L. Epstein, MD, MMM THE PROBLEM The study of glaucoma can be both clinically satisfying and intellectually…

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