Zygomatic Arch Fractures
38 Zygomatic Arch FracturesLuv R. Javia Zygomatic arch fractures occur from direct trauma to the side of the face. The arch is most often fractured in two or three places;…
OTOLARYNGOLOGY
Endoscopic Sphenoidotomy
24 Endoscopic SphenoidotomyLawrence W.C. Tom The sphenoid sinus is opened in less than 10% of children with sinus disease. The sphenoidotomy can be performed with an ethmoidectomy or alone in…
Otitis Media with Effusion
1 Otitis Media with EffusionMark D. Rizzi Otitis media with effusion (OME) is one of the most common chronic conditions of childhood. The primary complications of OME are (1) conductive…
Nasal Foreign Bodies
11 Nasal Foreign BodiesLisa M. Elden Children frequently put foreign bodies into their noses. Paper, vegetables (beans), and stones are common examples. A nasal foreign body is suspected in a…
Ear Trauma
5 Ear TraumaMark D. Rizzi External ear trauma occurs frequently in children because of the ear’s prominent and unprotected position as well as the reflex tendency of head turning to…
Foreign Bodies in the Ear Canal
6 Foreign Bodies in the Ear CanalMark D. Rizzi Foreign bodies in the ear canal are common in children. There is no limit to the variety of items that may…
Therapeutic (Wide-Field) Myringotomy
2 Therapeutic (Wide-Field) MyringotomyMark D. Rizzi When a patient has an impeding complication of acute purulent otitis media, a wide myringotomy provides drainage and access to material for culture and…
Vestibular Migraine in Childhood
Description This probably heterogeneous disorder is characterized by recurrent brief episodic attacks of vertigo occurring without warning and resolving spontaneously in otherwise healthy children Diagnostic criteria A. At least 5…
Ménière’s Disease with Concomitant Vestibular Migraine
Ménière’s disease (MD) (alone) Vestibular migraine (VM) (alone) Basilar migraine Idiopathic intracranial hypertension Vertebrobasilar insufficiency (VBI) Benign recurrent vertigo (BRV) Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) (vertigo lasting seconds) Cerebellopontine angle…
Treatment of Vestibular Migraine
Drug Median dose (mg/day) Range (mg/day) Topiramate 50 25–125 Valproic Acid 600 300–800 Lamotrigine 75 50–150 Propranolol 160 40–240 Metoprolol 150 50–250 Amitriptyline 50 10–100 Nortriptyline 50 10–75 Sertraline 50…
