Jerry A. Shields BASICS DESCRIPTION • Lymphoid tumors comprise a spectrum of neoplasia from benign hyperplasia to malignant lymphoma, based on microscopic features and immunopheno-typic findings. Lymphoma, in general, is…

Christopher J. Rapuano BASICS DESCRIPTION • A tear or cut in the conjunctiva and/or cornea • Corneal lacerations can be full or with partial thickness EPIDEMIOLOGY Incidence • Exact incidence…

Alex V. Levin BASICS DESCRIPTION • Lesions characterized by reduced or absent pigment in or absence of the retinal pigmented epithelium or choroid present at birth. • Includes, but is…

BASICS DESCRIPTION • Dissociated strabismus is an ocular deviation in which refixation of the deviated eye does not elicit an opposing deviation of the other eye (i.e., it is not…

BASICS DESCRIPTION An uncommon unilateral or bilateral swelling of the optic disc seen in diabetics of all ages. The optic disc edema is transient and usually resolves over the course…

BASICS DESCRIPTION • Dermatochalasis refers to excess eyelid skin associated with the aging process. • Blepharochalasis is a rare eyelid disorder that often presents in childhood, characterized by recurrent episodes…

Daniel T. WeaverAlex V. Levin BASICS DESCRIPTION • Trabeculodysgenesis with aqueous outflow obstruction resulting in increased intraocular pressure detected at birth or by age 3–4 years • Differentiated from secondary…

BASICS DESCRIPTION • Accumulation of fluid within and under the perifoveal region causing decreased acuity. • Changes are often visible on clinical examination but sometimes may only be evident on…

BASICS DESCRIPTION • Distended lacrimal sac usually in neonates or very early infancy • With or without associated intranasal cyst • Also known as dacryocele, lacrimal sac mucocele, dacryocystocele, or…

BASICS DESCRIPTION • The optic chiasm is formed by the confluence of the intracranial optic nerves, is 12–18 mm in diameter, lies 10 mm above the sella turcica of the…