Orbital Medial Wall
Jacqueline R. Carrasco BASICS DESCRIPTION • Traumatic defect in the bony medial wall of the orbit • Can extend from fractures of the maxilla, lacrimal bone, and ethmoid bones •…
OPHTHALMOLOGY
Trochlear Nerve (Cranial Nerve IV) Palsy
BASICS DESCRIPTION 4th nerve palsy is caused by weakness or paralysis of the superior oblique muscle, and may result in diplopia. EPIDEMIOLOGY Prevalence 4th nerve palsy occurs frequently after closed…
Eyelid Syndrome
BASICS DESCRIPTION A loose and unstable upper eyelid associated with a chronic papillary conjunctivitis and spontaneous eversion of the eyelid during sleep (1)[C] EPIDEMIOLOGY Incidence • Males > female •…
Endothelial (ICE) Syndrome
BASICS DESCRIPTION An acquired and usually unilateral condition affecting young and middle-aged women. The condition causes various degrees of iris abnormalities, corneal edema, and glaucoma in affected individuals. The etiology…
Idiopathic Arthritis-Related Uveitis
BASICS DESCRIPTION • Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)-related uveitis is a group of idiopathic arthritides with an onset before 16 years of age that persists longer than 6 weeks. • There…
OphthalmoPlegia
BASICS DESCRIPTION • Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) is an ocular motility disturbance manifest by intact abduction of ipsilateral eye but impaired adduction of contralateral eye during ipsilateral horizontal gaze attempts. It…
Xanthogranuloma (Nevoxanthoendothelioma)
BASICS DESCRIPTION • Juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) is a nonneoplastic form of non-Langerhans cell group (class II) of histiocytic proliferative disorders typically seen in infants and children. – Usually a self-limited…
Incomitant
J. Mark Engel BASICS DESCRIPTION • Exotropia is incomitant if it measures differently in different fields of gaze. This occurs most commonly in A and V pattern exotropia where the…
