OPHTHALMOLOGY
Anterior Segment Syndrome (Tass)
BASICS DESCRIPTION Toxic anterior segment syndrome (TASS) is a sterile postoperative inflammatory reaction which typically occurs 12–48 h following cataract or anterior segment surgery. It is caused by a noninfectious…
Corneal Ulcers
BASICS DESCRIPTION • Noninfectious/immune mediated: Peripheral cornea is 2 mm from the limbus and is susceptible to vasculitis because of its dependency and proximity to the limbal vascular arcade. Compromised…
Pediculosis
Julie Rosenthal BASICS DESCRIPTION • A rare condition associated with infestation of eyelashes and eyebrows by Phthirus pubis (crab louse) • Manifests as irritation and pruritus of eyelid margins •…
Optic Neuropathy
BASICS DESCRIPTION Thyroid eye disease (TED) is a chronic orbital inflammatory disease, commonly associated with hyperthyroidism (90%) but occasionally with hypo- or euthyroid status. EPIDEMIOLOGY Incidence Female: Male ratio of…
Disc Syndrome
BASICS DESCRIPTION • Elevated superotemporal optic disc with posteriorly displaced inferonasal disc resulting in an oval appearance of the optic nerve head • Long axis of disc obliquely oriented •…
Papilledema
BASICS DESCRIPTION Papilledema is defined as optic disc swelling secondary to elevated intracranial pressure. It is typically bilateral but can be asymmetric. ALERT Papilledema may be caused by a life-threatening…
Syndrome (Uveomeningitis)
BASICS DESCRIPTION • Bilateral granulomatous panuveitis with skin, meningeal, and auditory-vestibular involvement • Usually occurs in more darkly pigmented individuals EPIDEMIOLOGY Incidence • Rare • More common in young patients…
Superficial Punctate Keratopathy
BASICS DESCRIPTION • Multiple, transient, whitish-grey, slightly elevated corneal epithelial opacities • No stromal involvement, corneal edema, or conjunctival hyperemia • Typically bilateral, may be asymmetric (1) EPIDEMIOLOGY • Affects…
Hemorrhage
BASICS DESCRIPTION An orbital hemorrhage is a hemorrhage within the orbital cavity, bound anteriorly by the orbital septum and canthal tendons. EPIDEMIOLOGY Incidence • Orbital fractures (0.45–0.6%) • Retrobulbar injections…
