Jacqueline R. Carrasco BASICS DESCRIPTION • Orbital vascular tumors encompass a wide variety of pathology. They can be subdivided by histopathology and growth characteristics (1). • Capillary hemangiomas • Venous…

Jacqueline R. Carrasco BASICS DESCRIPTION • Congenital orbital tumors are typically found at birth or in early childhood. • The most common congenital orbital tumors are dermoid or epidermoid cysts…

Jennifer CohnVatinee Y. Bunya BASICS DESCRIPTION • Chronic granulomatous disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae • Also called Hansen’s disease • Primarily affects peripheral nerves, upper respiratory tract mucosa, and skin…

BASICS DESCRIPTION • A corneal epithelial defect from several possible causes: – Traumatic (most common) – Nontraumatic RISK FACTORS • Related to trauma: – Athletes without suitable eye protection –…

BASICS DESCRIPTION • A rare connective tissue disorder associated with short stature, brachydactyly (short digits), joint stiffness, and eye anomalies. – Intraocular abnormalities include microspherophakia, ectopia lentis, glaucoma, and lenticular…

BASICS DESCRIPTION • Wegener’s granulomatosis is a necrotizing vasculitic syndrome of small-sized blood vessels that affects multiple organs. • Most commonly affected organs include kidney, lung, upper respiratory tract, eyes,…

BASICS DESCRIPTION X-linked retinoschisis is a genetic disorder of the retina that primarily affects males in the 1st decade leading to decreased vision, foveal schisis, and peripheral retinoschisis in both…

BASICS DESCRIPTION • Also known as Bonnet–Dechaume–Blanc syndrome, congenital retinocephalic vascular malformation syndrome, or racemose hemangiomatosis • Congenital, neurocutaneous condition usually characterized by unilateral CNS, ocular, and skin arteriovenous malformations…

Alex V. Levin BASICS DESCRIPTION • Peters anomaly is characterized by a congenital corneal opacity associated with a posterior defect in Descemet’s membrane and endothelium. Although usually central, the opacity…

George L. Spaeth BASICS DESCRIPTION Normal tension glaucoma (NTG) is used to describe glaucomatous damage with statistically normal intraocular pressure (IOP). EPIDEMIOLOGY Incidence • There is wide discrepancy in the…