Fig. 19.1 Graphical representation of various surgical procedures. The blue area depicts the donor tissue. In a PKP the entire thickness of the central cornea is replace. In a DSEK/DSAEK…

Fig. 21.1 Total cataract: when no clear lens matter was visible between the capsule and the nucleus, the cataract was defined as a total cataract Fig. 21.2 Membranous cataract: when…

Fig. 20.1 Retinography of a patient with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy and diffuse macular edema (dotted line). Hard exudates (asterisks) and microaneurysms (arrows) are present in the paramacular area Fig. 20.2…

Fig. 13.1 Schematic of cross-sectional view of a human lens showing various layers. The lens epithelium is a single layer of cells covering the anterior section. At the bow region,…

Substance Amount Lutein 6.0 mg Vitamin C 300.0 mg Vitamin E 60.0 mg Vitamin B2 3.0 mg β-carotene 1,200.0 μg Niacin 12.0 mg Zinc 9.0 mg Selenium 45.0 μg Copper…

Fig. 8.1 Carcinine is efficiently transported to the retina following topical administration. Mice received carcinine dissolved in eye drop formulation (glycerol 1 %, carboxymethylcellulose 0.3 %, benzyl alcohol 0.3 %,…

Fig. 4.1 Uptake of radiolabeled (a) l-Glu, (b) d-Asp, and (c) l-Cys by Na+-dependent and Na+-independent transport systems in HCEC. Each point represents the mean CPM/culture and SEM of three…

Fig. 18.1 Slit lamp photo of (a) age-related cortical cataract; (b) age-related nuclear cataract Cortical Cataracts Cortical spokes (wedge shaped opacities) form in the periphery of the lens with the…