Minimally Invasive Glaucoma Surgery
Fig. 2.1 Two malpositioned iStent implants Superficial Implantation If the iStent is too superficial or incompletely inserted, there is a risk of detachment. In the case of superficial implantation, the…
OPHTHALMOLOGY
Trabeculectomy
Fig. 4.1 (a) Traction sutures placed at 3 and 9 o’clock to avoid distortion of scleral flap. (b) Traction suture placed at 6 o’clock to avoid distortion of scleral flap…
Glaucoma Laser
Fig. 1.1 Corneal edema after SLT (Taken from a case report by Moubayed et al. (2009)) Given the lower energy used in SLT as compared to ALT, the majority of…
Masquerade Syndromes
Non-neoplastic Anterior Corneal epithelial defects Angle closure glaucoma Pigment dispersion syndrome Occult intraocular foreign body Drug- and vaccine-induced uveitis Juvenile xanthogranulomaa Intermediate Vitreous hemorrhage Asteroid hyalosis Retinitis pigmentosa Amyloidosis synchysis…
Approach to the Laboratory, Imaging, and Molecular Work-up for Uveitis
Classification Related conditions Anatomic • Anterior—iritis, iridocyclitis, anterior cyclitis • Intermediate—pars planitis, posterior cyclitis, vitritis/hyalitis • Posterior—focal, multifocal, or diffuse choroiditis, chorioretinitis, retinitis, neuroretinitis • Panuveitis—anterior, vitreous, retina, and choroid…
Surgical Therapy: Dexamethasone Biodegradable Intravitreal Implant (Ozurdex®)
Fig. 46.1 Microscopic appearance of complete Ozurdex implant *courtesy Allergan Fig. 46.2 Microscopic appearance of Ozurdex after dissolving for 3 weeks *courtesy Allergan Fig. 46.3 Dissolving Ozurdex 72 days after implantation in human eye Fig. 46.4…
Tuberculosis
Anterior uveitis Granulomatous Non-granulomatous Intermediate uveitis Posterior and panuveitis Retinal vasculitis Multifocal serpiginoid choroiditis Choroidal tubercles/tuberculoma Subretinal abscess Tubercular optic neuropathy Papillitis Neuroretinitis Optic nerve granuloma Endophthalmitis and panophthalmitis Anterior…
Ocular Toxoplasmosis
Fig. 14.1 Toxoplasma gondii, life cycle The only known definitive hosts for T. gondii are members of family Felidae (domestic cats and their relatives). Cats shed oocysts in their feces which…
Sarcoidosis
Orbital granuloma Lacrimal gland enlargement and keratoconjunctivits sicca Conjunctival granuloma Interstitial keratitis Episcleritis Scleritis Anterior uveitis –Acute and chronic –Granulomatous and nongranulomatous Intermediate uveitis Posterior uveitis –Retinal vasculitis –Choroiditis –Retinitis…
Ankylosing Spondylitis
Radiological criterion Clinical criteria Grade ≥2 bilateral sacroillitis on X-ray OR Grade 3 or 4 unilateral sacroillitis on X-ray Low back stiffness/pain for >3 months which improves with exercise Limitation of…
