1 Principles of therapy
Part 1 Principles of therapy Focke Ziemssen MD, Manfred Zierhut MD Pharmacodynamics “Pharmacodynamics” can be defined as the quantitative relationship between the observed tissue concentration of the active drug and…
OPHTHALMOLOGY
7. Hormones and agents affecting hormonal mechanisms
Systemic administration Certain 1. Blurred vision 2. Eyelids or conjunctiva a. Erythema b. Conjunctivitis – nonspecific c. Edema d. Urticaria 3. Visual hallucinations Probable 1. Aggravate keratoconjunctivitis sicca Conditional/unclassified 1….
4. Agents used in anesthesia
Generic Name: Naproxen. Fincham JE. Exacerbation of glaucoma in an elderly female taking naproxen sodium: a case report. J Geriatr Drug Ther. 1989;3:139–143. Fraunfelder FT. Interim report: National Registry of…
5. Gastrointestinal agents
Generic Name: Naproxen. Fincham JE. Exacerbation of glaucoma in an elderly female taking naproxen sodium: a case report. J Geriatr Drug Ther. 1989;3:139–143. Fraunfelder FT. Interim report: National Registry of…
7 Drug-induced ocular side effects
Part 7 Drug-induced ocular side effects Section 1. Anti-infectives Class: Amebicides Generic Names: 1. Broxyquinoline; 2. diiodohydroxyquinoline (iodoquinol). Proprietary Names: 1. Starogyn; 2. Sebaquin, Yodoxin. Primary use These amebicidal agents…
8 Herbal medicine and dietary supplement–induced ocular side effects
Part 8 Herbal medicine and dietary supplement–induced ocular side effects Frederick W. Fraunfelder MD Herbal or Supplement Names: 1. Aluminum nicotinate; 2. niacin (nicotinic acid); 3. niacinamide (nicotinamide); 4. nicotinyl…
6. Cardiac, vascular and renal agents
Possible aggravated keratoconjunctivitis sicca Possible 1. Eyelids or conjunctiva a. Exfoliative dermatitis b. Contact dermatitis Topical – glycopyrrolate cream Probable 1. Mydriasis 2. Decreased accommodation Local ophthalmic use or exposure…
Antirheumatic Agents
Systemic administration Certain 1. Reduction or inhibition of fibrosis a. Delays wound healing b. Enhances filtration surgery success Probable 1. Inhibition of mitosis and migration of epithelial cells with delayed…
9. Homeostatic and nutrient agents
Systemic administration – oral Certain 1. Blurred vision 2. Ocular pain 3. Ocular sicca 4. Tear film a. Increased debris b. Abnormal tear meniscus – decreased, irregular c. Tear film…
3. Analgesics, narcotic antagonists and agents used to treat arthritis
Systemic administration Probable 1. Visual changes a. Decreased vision b. Metamorphopsia 2. Abnormal Amsler grids 3. Macular edema 4. Fluorescein angiography a. Macular leakage Possible 1. Activate herpes simplex or…
