Chorioretinitis Sclopetaria
Common Symptoms A history of orbital bullet injury with associated signs and symptoms of orbital trauma. Visual acuity is variably affected based on the presence of associated trauma including maculopathy…
OPHTHALMOLOGY
Hypotony Maculopathy
46.1 Features Dellaporta first clinically described hypotony and reduced vision following glaucoma procedures or perforating eye injuries in 1954. Years later, Gass used the term “hypotony maculopathy” to highlight the macular…
Commotio Retinae
Common Symptoms Asymptomatic. Decreased vision may be experienced if macula is involved. Mild/transient to severe/permanent declines in visual acuity depending on the degree/location of photoreceptor damage; associated with blunt trauma/contrecoup…
Choroidal Detachments
Features A choroidal detachment is a collection of serous fluid or blood that forms in the space separating the choroid and sclera (the suprachoroidal space). Other common terms for choroidal…
Gyrate Atrophy
41.1 Features Gyrate atrophy (GA) of the choroid and retina is a rare, genetically determined, autosomal recessive, slowly progressive chorioretinal dystrophy characterized by sharply demarcated areas of chorioretinal atrophy in the…
Diffuse Unilateral Subacute Neuroretinitis
Features Diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis (DUSN) is a typically monocular inflammatory condition caused by various subretinal nematodes. DUSN tends to affect younger individuals and is classified into early and late…
Paraneoplastic Retinopathies
38.1 Features Cancer-associated retinopathy (CAR) is a photoreceptor degenerative disorder, representing a remote effect of various types of tumors and is associated with presence of various types of antiretinal antibodies in…
Behçet Disease
Common Symptoms Ocular complaints (noted in up to 50% of Behçet patients) are usually bilateral; symptoms include photophobia, eye pain, decreased vision, red eye, and floaters. Systemic manifestations, including oral…
Radiation Retinopathy
23.1 Features While clinical findings of radiation retinopathy and diabetic retinopathy (DR) overlap considerably, a discussion of the initiating insults can provide a better understanding of the disease process. Ionizing radiation…
Pattern Dystrophy
34.1 Features Pattern dystrophies (PDs) include a group of genetically determined retinal disorders, of which, a major subset have been associated with mutations in the PRPH2 gene, also known as peripherin/RDS….
