Fig. 11.1 Anatomy of the persistent patent foramen ovale (PFO). The PFO is an open flap that remains in some patients between the right and the left atrium of the…

A. At least five attacks, 1 fulfilling criteria B–D B. Headache attacks lasting 4–72 h (untreated or unsuccessfully treated) C. Headache has at least two of the following four characteristics:…

Fig. 17.1 Patient’s drawing of a typical episode of transient visual disturbance. At the start (T = 0 min), the patient noticed an initial change in the centre of his visual fields….

Fig. 5.1 Presence of WMHs as indicated by the circle The patient arrived at our Emergency Department (ED) suffering from headache not responding to analgesics and, despite not being positive…

© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015Aksel Siva and Christian Lampl (eds.)Case-Based Diagnosis and Management of Headache DisordersHeadache10.1007/978-3-319-06886-2_13 13. When Headache Becomes “Troublesome” in a Child: What May Be Behind Chronification of Pediatric Migraine? Vincenzo Guidetti1   and…

© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015Aksel Siva and Christian Lampl (eds.)Case-Based Diagnosis and Management of Headache DisordersHeadache10.1007/978-3-319-06886-2_12 12. Refractory Chronic Migraine: Therapy with Combined Peripheral Neurostimulation Roberto Arcioni1 and Paolo Martelletti2   (1) Pain Therapy Unit, Department of…

Fig. 16.1 Late Life Migraine Equivalents (52-year-old man with former migraine: drawings reporting visual phenomena) 16.3.1 Case History Since the age of 11 one-two times per year, the patient has…

Fig. 15.1 (a, b) MRI scans showed Dandy-Walker malformation and thin corpus callosum 15.3 Diagnostic Workup of the Case This patient was diagnosed with childhood/adolescent migraine associated with abdominal pain…

© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015Aksel Siva and Christian Lampl (eds.)Case-Based Diagnosis and Management of Headache DisordersHeadache10.1007/978-3-319-06886-2_2 2. Migraine with Typical Aura Jes Olesen1   and Elena Lebedeva2 (1) Department of Neurology, Danish Headache Centre, University of Copenhagen,…

© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015Aksel Siva and Christian Lampl (eds.)Case-Based Diagnosis and Management of Headache DisordersHeadache10.1007/978-3-319-06886-2_4 4. Hemiplegic Migraine Anders Hougaard1   and Messoud Ashina1   (1) Danish Headache Center and Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health and…