CHAPTER OUTLINE Print Section Listen OPTICS AND MEDIA RETINA Organization Visual field defects NERVE FIBER LAYER/OPTIC DISC Organization Visual field defects THE CHIASM Organization Visual field defects OVERVIEW OF RETROCHIASMAL…
CHAPTER OUTLINE Print Section Listen CLINICAL TESTS OF CENTRAL VISUAL FUNCTION Visual acuity testing Contrast sensitivity testing Brightness sense testing Photo-stress testing Amsler grid testing Color vision testing Stereopsis testing…
CHAPTER OUTLINE Print Section Listen INTERNUCLEAR ORGANIZATION: GAZE CENTERS Horizontal gaze Vertical gaze SUPRANUCLEAR PATHWAYS AND DISORDERS Saccades Pursuit Vestibulo-ocular reflex Optokinetic reflex Vergence Fixation reflex NYSTAGMUS Classification and terminology…
CHAPTER OUTLINE Print Section Listen CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE Carotid disease Vertebrobasilar disease Arteriovenous malformation Arterial-cavernous sinus fistula Aneurysms Dolichoectatic arteries NEUROCUTANEOUS SYNDROMES Neurofibromatosis Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis (Sturge-Weber syndrome) Retinal angiomatosis (von Hippel…
CHAPTER OUTLINE Print Section Listen CHIASM AND PARASELLAR REGION Signs and symptoms: neuroanatomic correlation Disorders of the chiasm Evaluation and management OPTIC TRACT Anatomy Signs and symptoms Disorders of the…
CHAPTER OUTLINE Print Section Listen ABDUCENS NERVE:CRANIAL NERVE VI Signs and symptoms Anatomy: clinical implications Differential diagnosis and evaluation Management TROCHLEAR NERVE: CRANIAL NERVE IV Signs and symptoms Anatomy: clinical…
CHAPTER OUTLINE Print Section Listen NEUROANATOMY Supranuclear (upper motor neuron) pathways Facial nucleus and fascicles (lower motor neuron) Subarachnoid space Temporal bone and peripheral course ASSESSMENT OF FACIAL NERVE FUNCTION…
CHAPTER OUTLINE Print Section Listen EXTRAOCULAR MUSCLES Anatomy and function MYOPATHIES Chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia Muscular dystrophies Orbital inflammatory disorders RESTRICTIVE ORBITOPATHIES Orbital Graves disease Other restrictive syndromes DISORDERS OF…
CHAPTER OUTLINE Print Section Listen OVERVIEW AND TERMINOLOGY GENERAL OBSERVATIONS OCULAR MOTILITY Fixation Ocular versions and ductions Vergence Pursuit Saccades Ancillary methods Assessing ocular alignment Forced duction testing Nystagmus Eye…
