Orbital Neoplasms
Orbital Neoplasms CONGENITAL ORBITAL TUMORS DERMOID CYSTS Dermoid cysts are relatively common, benign, orbital tumors in children. Classically, they are present at birth, are located superior temporally at the orbital…
Eyelid Malpositions
Eyelid Malpositions ENTROPION ACUTE SPASTIC ENTROPION Acute spastic entropion is the result of eyelid swelling along with orbicularis spasm that results in a temporary in-turning of the eyelid. A cycle…
Orbital Trauma
Orbital Trauma ORBITAL FRACTURES ORBITAL FLOOR FRACTURE Orbital floor fractures are the most common type of orbital fracture. This is the result of a blow to the eye itself or…
Orbital Infections
Orbital Infections ORBITAL CELLULITIS Orbital cellulitis is a real ophthalmic emergency that needs prompt recognition and treatment. In severe cases, the infection can progress rapidly over a few hours with…
Glaucoma Drainage Devices
Glaucoma Drainage Devices Laura A. Vickers Nathaniel C. Sears JoAnn A. Giaconi Marlene R. Moster DESCRIPTION • Glaucoma drainage devices (GDDs) are designed to lower intraocular pressure (IOP). They are…
Orbital Inflammation
Orbital Inflammation THYROID EYE DISEASE Thyroid eye disease (TED) is the most common cause of proptosis in adults. The disease can range from mild eyelid retraction to severe proptosis with…
Trabeculectomy, the Ex-PRESS Mini Glaucoma Shunt, and the Xen Gel Stent
Trabeculectomy, the Ex-PRESS Mini Glaucoma Shunt, and the Xen Gel Stent Marlene R. Moster Augusto Azuara-Blanco TRABECULECTOMY Guarded filtration surgery, or trabeculectomy, lowers the intraocular pressure (IOP) by creating a…
Late Complications of Glaucoma Surgery
Late Complications of Glaucoma Surgery Nathan M. Radcliffe Gabriel Chong Francisco Fantes Paul F. Palmberg INTRODUCTION In most cases, glaucoma-filtering surgery is safe and effective at lowering intraocular pressure. However,…
Congenital Orbital Anomalies
Congenital Orbital Anomalies MICROPHTHALMOS Microphthalmos is a developmental disorder of the eye. The eye is small, and there are usually structural defects. The microphthalmos can be mild, or the eye…
Eyelid Neoplasms
Eyelid Neoplasms KERATOACANTHOMA Keratoacanthoma presents as an isolated lesion on the face with a unique appearance. The lesion is dome shaped with a central keratin-filled crater. It grows rapidly over…
